Spatial distribution of heavy metals in surficial sediments from Guanabara Bay: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
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| Authors: | José Antônio Baptista Neto Franz Xaver Gingele Thomas Leipe Isa Brehme |
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| Institution: | (1) Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Litoranea s/n, Gragoatá, Niterói, CEP 24210-340 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;(2) Departamento de Geografia, FFP/Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;(3) Institut für Ostseeforschung, Warnemünde (IOW), University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Ninety-two surface sediment samples were collected in Guanabara Bay, one of the most prominent urban bays in SE Brazil, to
investigate the spatial distribution of anthropogenic pollutants. The concentrations of heavy metals, organic carbon and particle
size were examined in all samples. Large spatial variations of heavy metals and particle size were observed. The highest concentrations
of heavy metals were found in the muddy sediments from the north western region of the bay near the main outlets of the most
polluted rivers, municipal waste drainage systems and one of the major oil refineries. Another anomalous concentration of
metals was found adjacent to Rio de Janeiro Harbour. The heavy metal concentrations decrease to the northeast, due to intact
rivers and the mangrove systems in this area, and to the south where the sand fraction and open-marine processes dominate.
The geochemical normalization of metal data to Li or Al has also demonstrated that the anthropogenic input of heavy metals
have altered the natural sediment heavy metal distribution. |
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| Keywords: | Heavy metals Coastal environment Normalization Marine sediments Brazil |
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