| 尼日利亚海上区块近海底深水水道体系地震响应特征与沉积模式 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙立春,汪洪强,何娟,王龙,郭丽娜,倪军娥.尼日利亚海上区块近海底深水水道体系地震响应特征与沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2014,32(6):1140-1152. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙立春 汪洪强 何娟 王龙 郭丽娜 倪军娥 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国海洋石油研究总院 北京 100028 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重大专项课题“西非、亚太及南美典型油气田开发关键技术研究”(编号:2011ZX05030-005)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用高分辨率三维地震资料,对西非尼日利亚海上OML130地区近海底深水沉积进行了研究.剖析了深水水道体系各沉积单元地震反射特征,详细论述了水道与堤岸单元的外形几何特征及内部充填特征,即单一水道在剖面上为V字型,下部地震反射为强反射、低连续,代表相对粗颗粒碎屑沉积,顶部为中强振幅、连续性强、水平层状地震反射特征,反映了水道发育晩期废弃充填的特点,平面形态为高弯度条带状.在分析水道下切侵蚀与充填特征的基础之上,总结了水道体系内水道之间的3种叠置样式,研究表明平面上类似曲流河沉积体系的水道体系内,后期单一水道的发生不一定是在前期水道基础之上直接侧向迁移与顺流演化,而可能是另一个新的沉积过程,因而在不同位置展现不同的水道叠置样式.通过分析水道体系形成演化的主要影响因素,结合研究区浅层与深层资料,提出了被动大陆边缘深水水道体系的沉积模式.研究认为,在陆坡上某一区域,在物源供给及海平面变化,尤其是流域地形(构造或沉积所致)影响下,使得水道体系、朵叶体系既可以同时出现,也可以在顺流方向交替出现.借助近海底的高分辨率三维地震资料对深水沉积进行研究,可以揭示沉积单元特征,从而建立研究区内适性强的沉积演化模式,为深水油气勘探与开发提供更为成功的服务.
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| 关 键 词： | 尼日利亚 深水 水道体系 地震响应特征 沉积模式 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-10-24 |
Seismic Characteristics and Depositional Model of Near-seabed Submarine Leveed-channel Complexes in Nigeria Offshore Block,West Africa |
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| Institution: | CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing 100028 |
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| Abstract: | Submarine leveed-channel complexes on the continental slope in OML130 area of West Africa have been anatomized with high-resolution seismic data near the present seabed. Seismic reflection features for each sedimentary elements of the submarine gravity-flow induced leveed-channel complex has been analyzed and summarized. The geometric outlines and the interior infill characteristics have been introduced in detail. Seismic reflections for single channel have the V-shaped cross-sectional motifs with relatively high amplitudes and low continuities at the lower interval, which indicate the relatively coarse-grained sediments, whilst for the upper part of a channel, seismic reflections have the motifs indicating fine-grained sediments with moderate amplitudes and great continuities and the sinuous ribbon plan form. With the analysis on features of cutting and filling, three stacking patterns of channels in the leveed-channel complexes have been summarized. It is concluded that each later channel develops independently from at most cases the earlier channels in terms of the process compared with the sinuous meandering channels in fluvial systems. So, it leads to the three stacking patterns occurred in the different parts of this submarine leveed-channel system. A depositional model for the continental slope leveed-channel complex in West Africa is envisioned based on the analysis of the controlling factors with the data from near-seabed seismic as well as the deeper hydrocarbon-producing intervals. It is likely that the leveed-channel complexes can be occurred simultaneously with the depositional lobate-fan complexes side by side or alternatively downslope with each other. Near seabed high-resolution seismic data help us gain a much more insight than ever into the characteristics of the deep-water depositional systems and build the more rational and applicable models, which will enhance the related studies more successfully. |
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