| 断陷盆地沉积体系研究新思路:从古地貌、岩性变化、水体深度到沉积体系 |
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| 引用本文： | 赖生华,李晓宏.断陷盆地沉积体系研究新思路:从古地貌、岩性变化、水体深度到沉积体系[J].沉积学报,2007,25(5):663-670. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赖生华 李晓宏 |
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| 作者单位： | 西安石油大学,西安,710061;延长石油管理局,陕西甘泉,716100 |
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| 基金项目： | 西安石油大学“孤南洼陷下第三系沙三段沉积体系及砂体预测”项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 单因素分析法与沉积体制研究方法具有不同的研究思路。前者的理论基础是沉积动力学，主要强调与搬运和沉积过程有关的作用，采取由点到面，从局部到整体，从量变到质变的研究思路。这在复杂的断陷盆地中不利于确定沉积体系的整体分布格局。后者则是基于地貌学、现代沉积考察和基准面升降，采取从面到点，由整体到局部，逐渐深入的研究思路，易于控制断陷盆地中沉积体系的整体分布规律。沉积体制研究方法的基本要求是具有丰富、反射品质较好的地震资料。其关键技术包括古地貌恢复、地震反射结构和波形特征识别。通过古地貌恢复，结合现代沉积观察、水体深浅和岩性变化特征，可以确定沉积相客观分布规律。通过研究某一点的地震反射结构和波形分布特征，结合沉积结构、构造、韵律变化，可以确定该点的沉积微相类型。利用沉积体制方法研究了沾化凹陷孤南洼陷沙三段中亚段中部沉积体系平面分布规律。自南而北前积的辫状河三角洲在该区发育前缘亚相，分布于孤南洼陷南部斜坡区域。盆底扇主要分布于洼陷北部，位于孤南断裂坡脚部位。此外，浅湖近岸滩坝滑塌也可形成盆底扇复合体。该时期湖泊较浅，主要发育浅湖亚相，近岸滩坝及席状砂较丰富。
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| 关 键 词： | 断陷盆地 沉积体系 单因素分析法 沉积体制研究方法 古地貌恢复 水体深度 波形特征 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0550（2007）05-0663-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-02-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-06-06 |
A New Approach in Studying Depositional System Within Rift-subsidence Basin: from paleogeomorphology, lithologic change and water depth to depositional system |
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| LAI Sheng-hua,LI Xiao-hong.A New Approach in Studying Depositional System Within Rift-subsidence Basin: from paleogeomorphology, lithologic change and water depth to depositional system[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(5):663-670. |
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| Authors: | LAI Sheng-hua LI Xiao-hong |
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| Institution: | Petroleum University of Xi′an, Xi′an 710061; 2.Yanchang Petroleum Administrition, Ganquan Shaanxi 716100 |
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| Abstract: | The single factor analysis which based on sedimentary dynamic mostly emphasizes the actions relating to transportation and depositional procedure,adopting one method from point to surface,from local to whole and from quantitative change to qualitative change,and the depositional regime which is based on morphology,present sedimentation and datum up and down,adopting other gradually penetrating method from surface to point and from whole to local,are different in research approach.The former is not prone to controlling the law of bulk distribution of depositional system in rift-subsidence basin,but the latter is opposite.The basic request of the method of depositional regime which includes three key technologies:palaeogeomorphology reconstruction,recognition of seismic reflection texture and waveform feature is provided with affluent and excellent seismic data.Through palaeogeomorphology reconstruction,combining the observation of present sedimentation,water depth and lithologic,the distribution law of depositional system can be ascertained.Furthermore,by researching seismic reflection texture and waveform feature,the types of sedimentary microfacies can be decided in a point.The law of plane distribution of depositional system which locates the middle part of middle submember of the 3rd member of Shahejie Formation in Gunan pothole,Zhanhua sag is studied by using the method of depositional regime.The braided rive delta front subfacies located on the south slop area is developed in the braided rive delta which progrades from south to north.The basin bottom fans located at the toe of Gunan fault are mostly distributed in the north pothole.Moreover,the basin bottom fan can be developed because the near-shore beach and bar in the shallow lake glides,too.The shallow lake subfacies with affluent near-shore beach and bar and sandsheet is mostly developed because the water depth is shallow. |
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| Keywords: | rift-subsidence basin depositional system single factor analysis depositional regime palaeogeomorphology reconstruction water depth waveform feature |
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