| 人类活动影响下伶仃洋沉积格局演变特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 张涛,牛丽霞,何方婷,刘锋,罗向欣,杨清书.人类活动影响下伶仃洋沉积格局演变特征[J].沉积学报,2022,40(3):753-764. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张涛 牛丽霞 何方婷 刘锋 罗向欣 杨清书 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中山大学海洋工程与技术学院河口海岸研究所, 广东 珠海 519082 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0402600）；;国家科技基础性工作专项项目（2013FY112000）；;国家自然科学基金（41506104,51909290）； |
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| 摘 要： | 根据2016年伶仃洋128个表层沉积物粒度参数以及前人对伶仃洋表层沉积物的研究成果，结合Flemming沉积动力判别图解和粒径趋势分析模型（GSTA），分析伶仃洋40年来的沉积格局演变特征，并探讨了人类活动在伶仃洋沉积格局演变中的作用。结果显示:1）2016年，伶仃洋表层沉积物中粉砂组分含量最多（56.67%），黏土组分含量其次（26.08%），砂含量最少（17.23%），湾内表层沉积物总体较细，主要有砂、砂—粉砂—黏土、砂质粉砂、粉砂质砂和黏土质粉砂5种类型，各类型沉积物呈现斑块状分布。2）近40年来，伶仃洋表层沉积物的平均粒径、粒级组分的空间格局发生了显著变化，从之前的条带状分布变为斑块状分布，但沉积格局的剧烈演变主要集中于2004—2016年这十多年间，Flemming三角图分区变化显示出40年来伶仃洋沉积环境整体表现出动力增强的趋势。3）受人类大规模采砂影响，中滩区域原有的完整沉积中心被分散，分别向北和向南形成“两格局、三中心”的新型沉积模式，从而改变伶仃洋的沉积物源—汇过程。4）伶仃洋沉积物空间分布、沉积动力环境、运移趋势等特征的变化与采砂、航道浚深等人类活动有着密切的联系，反映出人类工程活动已成为影响伶仃洋沉积格局演变的重要因素。
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| 关 键 词： | 人类活动 粒度参数 沉积格局 伶仃洋 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-25 |
Anthropogenic Impact on Evolution of Lingding Bay Sedimentary Framework |
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| ZHANG Tao,NIU LiXia,HE FangTing,LIU Feng,LUO XiangXin,YANG QingShu.Anthropogenic Impact on Evolution of Lingding Bay Sedimentary Framework[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2022,40(3):753-764. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Tao NIU LiXia HE FangTing LIU Feng LUO XiangXin YANG QingShu |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China2.State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China3.Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou 510275, China4.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China |
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| Abstract: | A grain-size analysis of 128 surface sediment samples collected from Lingding Bay （LDB） in 2016 and were combined with earlier values for the surface sediment in LDB in a Flemming sediment dynamics discrimination diagram and grain-size trend analysis （GSTA） model to analyze the sediment evolution in LDB over the 40 years before 2016. The results are as follows. （1） In 2016， the silt content of surface sediments in LDB is the highest （56.67%）， clay content is the second （26.08%）， and sand content is the least （17.23%）， the surface sediments are generally finer. The main types of surface sediment were sand， sand-silty-clay， sandy silt， silty sand and clayey silt. Various types of these sediments appeared in the form of plaques. （2） Over the previous 40 years， the mean grain size and particle size composition of surface sediments in LDB had changed dramatically from the original banded distribution to a patch-like distribution. The Flemming triangle graph partition indicates that the dynamic trend in LDB increased in the 40 years. （3） Influenced by large-scale sand mining activity， the intact midland depocenter has been dispersed， forming a so-called “source” of fine particles in the sand-mining area. Ebb and flow action has formed the new situation of “two patterns” in the north and “three centers” in the south， thus changing the sediment source–sink process of LDB. （4） The changes of sediment spatial distribution， sedimentary dynamic environment， migration trend and other characteristics of LDB are closely related to human activities such as sand mining and deep channel dredging， reflecting that human engineering activities have become an important factor in the evolution of the sedimentation pattern of LDB. |
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