| 硅质热泉沉积物的结构和微生物成矿成岩机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 石太衡,吴耿,李荣.硅质热泉沉积物的结构和微生物成矿成岩机制[J].沉积学报,2020,38(1):113-123. |
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| 作者姓名： | 石太衡 吴耿 李荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学（武汉）生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室，武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目2018319048 |
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| 摘 要： | 热泉沉积物可以提供极端环境下的连续沉积，为认识地球早期生命环境，探索热泉微生物的矿化作用提供支持。现代热泉硅华由生物与非生物作用共同形成，主要沉积矿物为Opal-A，具有针状，柱状和簇丛状等沉积结构。岩石学研究为认识热泉微生物矿化作用奠定了良好基础。对热泉沉积成岩作用中Opal溶解—再沉积过程的认识，也对微生物矿化作用的研究提供了指导。目前，热泉沉积微生物矿化作用研究蓬勃发展，已明确生物矿化作用主要包括生物诱导矿化和生物控制矿化两个过程，但仍有大量生物矿化机制未被阐明。因此，对热泉沉积物形成和转化过程的研究有待进一步的加强。
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| 关 键 词： | 硅华 热泉 沉积结构 微生物矿化作用 成岩作用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-12-28 |
Structures of Siliceous Hot Spring Deposits and Mechanism of Microbial Mineralization and Diagenesis |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China |
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| Abstract: | Hot springs are examples of continuous deposition in extreme environments, thus exploring the mineralization of hot spring microbes helps in understanding the Earth's ancient environment. Modern siliceous sinter is formed by both biological and non-biological interaction: the main mineral is Opal-A, with spicule, column and cluster etc. sedimentary structures. Petrographic studies of modern siliceous sinter are a good foundation for the study of the microbial mineralization process. In addition, it is significant for such studies to know more about the microbial mineralization process and the dissolution and re-deposition processes of opal diagenesis. At present, the study of microbial mineralization processes is flourishing. Specifically, microbially induced mineralization and microbially controlled mineralization are the two major mineralization processes, but there are many microbial mineralization mechanisms yet to be discovered. Therefore, examining mineralization by hot spring microbes is highly significant for strengthening our understanding of the formation and transformation of hot spring deposits. |
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