| 湖相碳酸盐岩沉积微相类型及沉积模式 |
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| 引用本文： | 熊连桥,李建平,谢晓军,蔡露露,廖计华,许晓明.湖相碳酸盐岩沉积微相类型及沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2021,39(3):767-780. |
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| 作者姓名： | 熊连桥 李建平 谢晓军 蔡露露 廖计华 许晓明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中海油研究总院有限责任公司，北京 100028 |
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| 摘 要： | 巴西大坎波斯盆地下白垩统湖相碳酸盐岩油气资源丰富，但是硅化碳酸盐岩的出现不仅使原始碳酸盐岩沉积微相类型和沉积模式有待系统研究，还给深水油气勘探开发带来了挑战。基于古地貌、壁芯薄片、测井响应等数据，分析了坎波斯盆地东部下白垩统硅化碳酸盐岩原始沉积的古水介质、湖平面变化及沉积微相，厘清了湖相碳酸盐岩发育的主控因素，建立起相应的沉积模式。借助Fischer曲线可将硅化碳酸盐岩发育段划分为一个可容空间由大减小再增大的三级旋回，湖平面表现为先下降后上升；湖盆中央古隆起周缘类似远端变陡缓坡，发育了灰泥坪、藻礁、颗粒滩、滩前前积体和滑塌体等5种沉积微相；古地貌决定了藻礁和颗粒滩发育在构造高部位的相对深水区，同时受湖平面变化而发生垂向互层叠置；该段碳酸盐岩沉积时期，湖平面至少出现过两次下降、三次上升，可以划分为高位湖退、低位湖退、低位湖侵、高位湖侵四个演化阶段。研究成果为湖相碳酸盐岩硅化成因分析、硅化作用过程研究及硅化碳酸盐岩中有利储层的寻找奠定了基础。
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| 关 键 词： | Fischer曲线 湖相碳酸盐岩 硅化作用 沉积微相 沉积模式 下白垩统 坎波斯盆地 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-03 |
Sedimentary Microfacies and Depositional Model of Lake Carbonates:A case study of Lower Cretaceous carbonates in the eastern Campos Basin |
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| XIONG LianQiao,LI JianPing,XIE XiaoJun,CAI LuLu,LIAO JiHua,XU XiaoMing.Sedimentary Microfacies and Depositional Model of Lake Carbonates:A case study of Lower Cretaceous carbonates in the eastern Campos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2021,39(3):767-780. |
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| Authors: | XIONG LianQiao LI JianPing XIE XiaoJun CAI LuLu LIAO JiHua XU XiaoMing |
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| Institution: | 1.CNOOC Research Institute Ltd. , Beijing 100028, China2.CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100027, China |
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| Abstract: | The Lower Cretaceous lake carbonates of the Great Campos Basin in southeastern Brazil are rich in hydrocarbon resources. A study of the silicified carbonates that have produced the sedimentary microfacies in the eastern Campos Basin， and modeling the deposition of the initial carbonates in this area， poses challenges for deepwater petroleum exploration. In this study， the silicified carbonates were analyzed by integrating paleogeomorphology， sidewall core thin sections and well?logging data to determine the original paleohydrology， changes of lake level， and microfacies. The main factors controlling the lake carbonates in the study area were then clarified and a sedimentation model was established. A Fischer Plot was used to estimate the accommodation space within the study area. This was identified as initially decreasing then increasing third?order cycles， indicating corresponding lowering and rising water levels in the lake. The periphery of the paleohighs in the central lake were interpreted as distally steepened ramps in which five microfacies developed: a muddy limestone flat， an algal reef， a grain beach， beach progradations， and slump bodies. The paleogeomorphological study showed that the algal reef and grain beach developed in an area of relatively deep water in the structural high. The changes in lake level caused lateral and vertical superposition of the reef and shoal. During carbonate deposition， the level of the lake decreased at least twice and increased three times. Four evolutionary stages were evident: highstand lake level retreat， lowstand retreat， lowstand lake level intrusion and highstand intrusion. The findings of this study provide a significant basis for an analysis of the original silicification and evolution of the lake carbonates and the discovery of effective reservoirs in the silicified carbonates. |
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