| 构造活动盆地沉积层序形成过程模拟——以断陷和前陆盆地为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 林畅松,刘景彦,胡博.构造活动盆地沉积层序形成过程模拟——以断陷和前陆盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):868-874. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林畅松 刘景彦 胡博 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学能源学院,北京,100083;中国地质大学能源学院,北京,100083;中国地质大学能源学院,北京,100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目，国家973项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 应用二维层序地层模拟系统开展了构造活动盆地沉积层序的形成过程的动态模拟分析，揭示了同沉积断裂活动、湖平面变化及沉积物供给量变化相互作用对沉积层序形成的控制作用。模拟表明，快速的构造沉降、相对高的湖平面和大量的沉积物供给是形成相对深水扇三角洲的必要条件；而沉积物的供给量变小或构造沉降量加大时有利于形成近岸湖底扇或水下扇。模拟揭示出断陷湖盆陡坡边缘断裂形成的古地貌坡折控制着低水位域浊积扇或湖底扇的发育部位，同时对水进或高位域的三角洲前缘的沉积中心的分布具控制作用。断裂坡折带的构造沉降是控制可容纳空间变化的关键因素。在陆内前陆逆冲构造边缘，层序发育早期（底部）发育冲积扇和河流沉积，但由于相对快的构造沉降形成水进序列；在快速沉降的晚期沉降速率减小，碎屑体系向盆地方向推进，形成广泛河流三角洲沉积。由隐伏逆冲断裂形成的构造坡折带对低位域的分布具控制作用。在构造坡折带下的低位域砂体与上覆的水进域泥岩组合可形成重要的地层油气藏。
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| 关 键 词： | 层序模拟 控制因素 断陷和前陆盆地 |
| 收稿时间： | 1900-01-01 |
Computer Simulation on the Formation of Depositional Sequences in Tectonic Active Basin: Case study on rift and foreland basins |
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| LIN Chang-song,LIU Jing-yan,HU Bo.Computer Simulation on the Formation of Depositional Sequences in Tectonic Active Basin: Case study on rift and foreland basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(5):868-874. |
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| Authors: | LIN Chang-song LIU Jing-yan HU Bo |
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| Institution: | China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083 |
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| Abstract: | Using two dimensional sequence stratigraphy modeling system (SSMS), we carried out a research on simulation of the formation of depositional sequences in tectonic active basins, and has revealed the control of the interplay of syn depositional fault activity, lake level change and sediment supply on the formation of the depositional sequences. The simulation shows that fast tectonic subsidence rate, relatively high lake level and abundant sediment are the necessary condition for the formation of relatively deep water fan delta, and when the sediment supply decreases or the tectonic subsidence rate increases will generate favorably the near sub lacustrine fans in a rift lacustrine basin. The paleo geomorphic slope break zone resulting from the syndepositional faulting along the steep basin margin of a rift basin, controls obviously the distribution of the lowstand turbidite fans and the depocenter of the delta front in TST and HST. The structural slope break is the key control factor on variation of accommodation space. In the edge of intra continental foreland thrusting, the alluvial fan and fluvial deposits develop in the early stage and stack back as the result of rapid tectonic subsidence rate. Later the clastic systems move into the basin and form the widely distributed river delta deposits as subsidence rate decrease in the late period of a regional depositional cycle. The simulation shows that in this sequence the distribution of the lowstand systems tracts are mainly controlled by the structural slope break zones resulting from the hidden thrust faults. These LST sand bodies capped with TST mudstones many form significant litho stratigraphic traps. |
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