| 塔里木盆地柯坪地区肖尔布拉克组优质微生物碳酸盐岩储层成因 |
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| 引用本文： | 邓世彪,关平,庞磊,刘沛显,金亦秋,张艳秋.塔里木盆地柯坪地区肖尔布拉克组优质微生物碳酸盐岩储层成因[J].沉积学报,2018,36(6):1218-1232. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邓世彪 关平 庞磊 刘沛显 金亦秋 张艳秋 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室 北京大学地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2012CB214801） |
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| 摘 要： | 微生物碳酸盐岩储层是油气地质学研究的重要领域，针对古老深埋的塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克组微生物碳酸盐岩存在的优质储层争议和储层成因问题，通过野外观察、剖面测量、密集取样、物性测试、薄片分析和CT扫描等手段，对柯坪野外露头区的肖尔布拉克组微生物碳酸盐岩储层进行了系统调查与分析。结果表明，肖尔布拉克组的优质微生物碳酸盐岩储层为具有亮晶凝块结构的层状凝块石建造，其储层孔隙度最大值为9.35%，孔隙度介于2.69%~9.35%之间的比例为70.3%，平均值为5.07%，且其储层孔隙度和平行渗透率具有极好的线性正相关性。这些优质储层的储集空间类型包括粒间孔、晶间孔、粒间溶孔、晶间溶孔、扩溶孔和溶洞6类。潮下带上部高能原始沉积环境中形成的亮晶凝块结构为优质储层的形成提供了微生物沉积作用上的先决条件；热液溶蚀作用形成大量大孔径的组构非选择性扩溶孔和溶洞则是优质储层形成过程中至关重要的成岩作用过程，极大地提高了层状凝块石建造的孔隙度。这将进一步深化对肖尔布拉克组优质微生物碳酸盐岩储层类型和成因的认识。
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| 关 键 词： | 塔里木盆地 肖尔布拉克组 优质微生物碳酸盐岩储层 微生物沉积作用 热液溶蚀作用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-09-14 |
Genesis of Excellent Xiaoerbulak Microbial Carbonate Reservoir in Kalpin Area of Tarim Basin,NW China |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Ministry of Education, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;2.Oil and Gas Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3.Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;4.Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China |
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| Abstract: | Microbial carbonate reservoirs are important research field of oil and gas geology, especially for oil-gas reservoirs. Regarding to the debate of excellent reservoirs of ancient and deep buried Xiaoerbulak microbial carbonate rocks in the Tarim Basin and their genesis, the Xiaoerbulak microbial carbonate rocks in the Kalpin area were investigated and studied systematically through field outcrops observation, section measurement, dense sampling, property test, thin section analysis and CT scanning in this paper. The results showed that the thrombolite with bright crystalline clotted texture was the excellent microbial carbonate reservoir of the Xiaoerbulak Formation with the max porosity about 9.35%. The proportion of porosity between 2.69% and 9.35% was 70.3%, the mean porosity was 5.07%, and there was an excellent positive linear correlation between the porosity and permeability of the rocks, suggesting the thrombolite as the excellent porous microbial carbonate reservoir of the Xiaoerbulak Formation. The excellent reservoir was composed of 6 types of reservoir spaces including intergranular pore, intercrystalline pore, intergranular dissolution pore, intercrystalline dissolution pore, extensive dissolution pore and dissolution vuge. The bright crystalline clotted texture formed in the high energy primary sedimentary environments of the upper subtidal zone provided the precondition for the thrombolite to form excellent microbial carbonate reservoir. Hydrothermal dissolution forming abundant large aperture fabric non-selective extensive dissolution pores and dissolution vuges were vital diagenesis process during the formation process of excellent reservoir, largely developing the porosity of thrombolite. This study can not only deepen the understanding of the type and genesis of the excellent Xiaoerbulak microbial carbonate reservoirs, but also provide sedimentary accordance for the effective selection of fair target in the future exploration. |
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