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| 我国渔港沉积物的重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价 | |
| 引用本文： | 胡朝晖,张干,丘耀文,林田,徐维海.我国渔港沉积物的重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].地球化学,2010,39(4):297-304. |
| 作者姓名： | 胡朝晖 张干 丘耀文 林田 徐维海 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院,广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东,广州,510640;广州市,天河区,环境保护局,监理二站,广东,广州,510665 2. 中国科学院,广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东,广州,510640 3. 中国科学院,南海海洋研究所,广东,广州,510301 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，广东省自然科学基金 |
| 摘 要： | 分析了青岛、宁波、舟山、厦门、深圳、珠海、澳门、茂名和三亚共9个渔港（包括综合港口区）表层沉积物中的Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Co和Ni等典型重金属元素的含量，探讨了其可能的来源。采用沉积物质量基准法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法，评价了各渔港重金属的污染状况和潜在生态风险。结果表明：（1）渔港沉积物中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的富集较为严重，位于珠江三角洲的渔港重金属含量显著高于其他渔港，尤其是Cu和Zn，最高含量分别达到1249mg／kg和664mg／kg，而Cd和Pb的污染也不容忽视；（2）珠三角渔港具“高”或“中等”潜在重金属生态风险，其中Cu和Cd具有高的潜在生态风险，其他渔港均属低生态风险，渔港总的潜在生态风险由高至低顺序为：澳门〉深圳〉珠海〉茂名〉三亚〉厦门〉青岛〉宁波〉舟山；（3）渔港沉积物中重金属主要来自工业废水、生活污水、污灌土壤以及大气沉降的污染和渔船防护漆的使用。而船体防护漆中Cu／氧化亚铜的大量使用是渔港中Cu污染的主要来源。 |
| 关 键 词： | 渔港 重金属 沉积物 生态风险 |
Heavy metal pollution and their ecological risk assessment in surface sediments from Chinese coastal fishing harbors |
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| HU Zhao-hui,ZHANG Gan,QIU Yao-wen,LIN Tian,XU Wei-hai.Heavy metal pollution and their ecological risk assessment in surface sediments from Chinese coastal fishing harbors[J].Geochimica,2010,39(4):297-304. | |
| Authors: | HU Zhao-hui ZHANG Gan QIU Yao-wen LIN Tian XU Wei-hai |
| Institution: | HU Zhao-hui1,2,ZHANG Gan1,QIU Yao-wen3,LIN Tian1 and XU Wei-hai3 1.State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China,2.No.2 Monitoring Station,Tianhe District Bureau of Environmental Protection,Guangzhou 510665,3.South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Guangzhou 510301 |
| Abstract: | Surface sediment samples from 9 fishing harbors or fishing district in integrated harbor in Qingdao, Ningbo, Zhoushan, Xiamen, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Macao, Maoming, and Sanya were analyzed for heavy metals of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co and Ni. The quality status and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in these harbors were assessed using Sediment Quality Guidelines （SQGs） and Hakanson potential ecological risk index. The results showed that （1） The main metals with high concentrations detected in these selected harbors were Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd. Copper and Zn were highly enriched in the harbors located in the Pearl River Delta region with the highest concentrations up to 1249 and 664 mg/kg, respectively; （2） The assessment result of ecological risk revealed the three harbors in located in the Pearl River Delta region belong to high or medium ecological risk of Cd and Cu, while other harbors possessed light potential ecological risks. The order of ecological risks is Macao 〉 Shenzhen 〉 Zhuhai 〉 Maoming 〉 Xiamen 〉 Qingdao 〉 Sanya 〉 Ningbo 〉 Zhoushan; （3） Industrial and domestic wastewater discharge, contaminated soils wash and antifouling paint release were the main sources of metals detected in these harbors. The release from antifouling paint of ships was the dominant source of Cu in these harbors. |
| Keywords: | fishing harbors heavy metals sediment potential ecological risk |
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