Thermochemistry and melting properties of basalt |
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| Authors: | M A Bouhifd P Besson P Courtial C Gérardin A Navrotsky P Richet |
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| Institution: | (1) Physique des Minéraux et des Magmas, IPGP, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France;(2) Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford University, Parks Road, OX1 3PR Oxford, UK;(3) Equipe de Volcanologie, IPGP, CNRS UMR 7164, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France;(4) Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Munich University, Theresienstr. 41/III, 80333 Munich, Germany;(5) Thermochemical Facility, NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8779, USA;(6) Present address: UMR 5618 ENSCM-UM1-CNRS, ENSCM Montpellier, France |
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| Abstract: | The heat capacities of the liquid, glassy and crystalline phases of an alkali basalt have been determined from relative enthalpies
measured between 400 and 1,800 K. Values given by available models of calculation generally agree to within 2% of these results.
As derived from the new data and the enthalpy of vitrification measured at 973 K by oxide-melt drop solution calorimetry for
the same sample, the enthalpy of fusion of this basalt increases from 15.4 kJ/mol at 1,000 K to 33.6 kJ/mol at 1,800 K. Comparisons
between the enthalpies of fusion of basalt and model compositions confirm the small magnitude of the enthalpy of mixing between
the molten mineral components of the liquids. Minor variations in the chemical composition have only a small effect in the
heat capacity and the enthalpy of melting of basalt. The enthalpies of formation at 298 K from the oxides of the crystallized
and glass phases of this alkali basalt are −112.2 and −98.5 kJ/mol, respectively, for a gram formula weight based on one mole
of oxide components. |
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