| 长江中游的防洪问题和对策--1998年长江特大洪灾的启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 李长安,殷鸿福,陈德兴,王波.长江中游的防洪问题和对策--1998年长江特大洪灾的启示[J].地球科学,1999,24(4):329-334. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李长安 殷鸿福 陈德兴 王波 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学地球科学学院,武汉,430074 |
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| 摘 要： | 对1998年长江中游特大洪灾分析表明:长江中上游植被破坏,中游湖泊萎缩,干堤防洪标准低,河道泄洪不畅,是洪灾形成的主要因素.三峡水库是长江中游防洪体系中的骨干工程,必须与其他工程相配合.长江中游防洪减灾工程应坚持:(1)与环境保护相结合的原则;(2)与农田水利基本建设相结合的原则;(3)"固、蓄、疏"并举,以"疏"为主的原则;(4)防洪与除渍相结合的原则;(5)统一管理、联合攻关、综合整治的原则与对策.建议除加固长江干堤外,重点建设两条分洪河道,建好3个梯级蓄洪区,有计划有步骤地实施开堤开垸放淤工程.
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| 关 键 词： | 防洪对策 环境治理 分洪河道 长江中游 |
PROBLEMS AND STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD CONTROL OF MIDDLE REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER: REFLECTION ON CATASTROPHIC FLOOD OF YANGTZE RIVER IN 1998 |
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| Li Chang''''an,Yin Hongfu,Chen Dexing,Wang Bo.PROBLEMS AND STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD CONTROL OF MIDDLE REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER: REFLECTION ON CATASTROPHIC FLOOD OF YANGTZE RIVER IN 1998[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,1999,24(4):329-334. |
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| Authors: | Li Chang'an Yin Hongfu Chen Dexing Wang Bo |
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| Abstract: | The
catastrophic flood of the Yangtze River in 1998 resulted mainly from the destruction of
the vegetation in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, from the shrinkage of
the lakes in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, from the low flood-control capacity
standard for the building of the main dikes, and from the smaller flood discharge rate of
the main channel. The Three Gorges reservoir project, a backbone project in the
flood-control system in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, must match other water
conservancy projects in the same reaches. The following five principles should be adopted
for the flood-control and hazard-reduction water conservancy projects in the middle
reaches of the Yangtze River (1) The building projects for the flood control and hazard
reduction should be combined with the environmental protection. (2) The building projects
should be combined with the capital construction on farms and water conservancy. (3) The
building projects should center around the discharge of the flood, with the
contemporaneous implementation of the dike consolidation, flood storage, and flood
discharge. (4) The flood control should be combined with the flood discharge. (5) A
unified administration should be created for the management of the joint key projects and
for the comprehensive reconstruction. It is suggested in this paper that the main dikes of
the Yangtze River should be consolidated, two river channels for the flood discharge
should be built, three step-like flood storage zones should be constructed, and the flood
discharge projects should be carried out through opening dikes and cofferdams to drain
away the silt of channel into the polder as planned. |
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| Keywords: | flood_control strategy environmental protection flood_discharge river channel middle reaches of Yangtze River |
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