| 中国金矿资源特征及勘查方向概述 |
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| 引用本文： | 王斌,李景朝,王成锡,郑啸,孙克峰.中国金矿资源特征及勘查方向概述[J].高校地质学报,2020,26(2):121-131. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王斌 李景朝 王成锡 郑啸 孙克峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地质调查局发展研究中心，北京100037；
2. 全国地质资料馆，北京100037；
3. 中国地质大学（北京） 地球科学与资源学院，北京100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目(DD20190405,DD20160353)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于金矿成矿地球动力学环境以及矿床基本地质特征等，将中国金矿床类型归纳为11 类，其中以构造破碎带蚀变岩型、中深成侵入岩体内及其外接触带型、卡林-似卡林型、浅变质碎屑岩中热液型、陆相火山岩型等为主要找矿类型；成矿年代以中生代、新生代为主。在中国Ⅲ级成矿区带划分基础上，总结研究大地构造单元、地质演化、成矿地质条件、空间分布特征、金矿类型、区域成矿要素、资源量等，初步厘定42 个金矿集区，其空间呈集中分布特征。根据金矿勘查单位面积的钻探数量，初步将中国金矿集区划分为高、中、低工作程度区，高程度区主要分布在中东部地区；除砂金矿外，中国88.12%的岩金（伴生金） 矿探矿深度在500 m 以上，说明探矿钻探验证偏少、偏浅。文章还探讨了中国金矿集区资源找矿潜力，提出了勘查找矿方向和建议，指出中东部老矿山深部、外围和西部金矿集区特别是位于新疆、青海、西藏等地区的，是未来找矿潜力重点区域，未查明资源储量巨大。
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| 关 键 词： | 金矿 金矿类型 金矿集区 勘查 资源潜力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-06-14 |
An Overview of Characteristics and Prospecting of Gold Ore Deposits in China |
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| WANG Bin,LI Jingchao,WANG Chengxi,ZHENG Xiao,SUN Kefeng.An Overview of Characteristics and Prospecting of Gold Ore Deposits in China[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2020,26(2):121-131. |
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| Authors: | WANG Bin LI Jingchao WANG Chengxi ZHENG Xiao SUN Kefeng |
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| Institution: | 1. Development and Research Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China;
2. National Geological Archives, Beijing 100037, China;
3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the geodynamic settings of gold metallogenesis and the basic geological features of gold ore deposits, China’s gold deposits can be classified into 11 categories. Among these categories, the structurally-fractured altered-rock type, inner and outer contacting belts type of plutonic intrusives, the Carlin or quasi-Carlin type, hydrothermal type within low-grade metamorphic clastic rocks, and continental volcanic rock types are the types of interest in prospecting. As far as metallogenic ages concerned, those that occurred in Mesozoic and Cenozoic are the major types. According to their geotectonic units, geological evolution, metallogenic geological conditions, spatial-temporal distribution, gold deposit types, regional metallogenic factors, and volumes of mineral resources, totally 42 gold ore concentration areas, which are spatially distributed in clusters, have been preliminarily identified on the basis of China’s III-graded classification scheme of metallogenic zones (belts). According to gold prospecting borehole quantities per unit area, China’s gold ore concentration areas can be categorized into 3 levels, i.e., highly, moderately, and lowly developed. The highly developed ones are mainly distributed in Central and Eastern China. Except the placer gold deposits, about 88.12% boreholes for primary gold (rock gold or associated gold) deposits are less than 500 m with deep in China, suggesting that the quantities and depths of gold exploration drillings in China are less and shallower than in other countries. As for the gold resources exploration potentials, we propose that (1) in Central and Eastern China, the deep parts and the peripheries of the existing gold mines are key locations to be focused on; (2) for Western China, the gold ore concentration areas, which are located especially in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province, and Tibet Autonomous Region, are the future key regions with immense potentials for unexplored gold resources. |
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| Keywords: | gold deposit gold deposit type gold ore concentration area exploration resource potential |
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