| 伸展构造拉张量计算方法的适用性分析及在琼东南盆地的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 张迎朝,汪伟,甘军,尹宏伟,朱继田,张佳星,熊小峰,贾东,郭明刚.伸展构造拉张量计算方法的适用性分析及在琼东南盆地的应用[J].高校地质学报,2019,25(5):730. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张迎朝 汪伟 甘军 尹宏伟 朱继田 张佳星 熊小峰 贾东 郭明刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,湛江,524057;南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京,210023;中国石化胜利油田分公司,东营,257000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;国家自然科学基金;国家油气重大专项;国家油气重大专项;南京大学优秀博士研究生创新能力提升计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 文章将三种以面积平衡为原理的几何学方法应用在物理模拟拉张实验中，对比三种方法的结果与模型设计参数间的
误差，讨论了三种方法的优缺点和适用范围。其中层长守恒方法需要假设在构造变形过程中层长保持不变，通过曲线拉直
可以恢复构造各阶段拉张量和拉张总量。利用面积守恒可以计算拉张构造中滑脱层深度，面积深度法允许构造变形过程中
层长和层厚的变化，多个构造前沉积地层的面积深度拟合直线可以反映构造整体拉张量和滑脱层深度。面积守恒法在已知
构造滑脱层位置的基础上，通过同构造沉积地层可以计算出拉张活动不同阶段拉张量变化和拉张总量。结合琼东南长昌凹
陷剖面特征，面积守恒法是计算其拉张量变化最准确又有效的方法，面积守恒法应用结果确定过长昌凹陷剖面在岭头组、
崖城组和陵水组沉积阶段的拉张量分别为13.8 km、15 km和21.4 km，拉张总量为50.2 km，拉张率为42.7%。三种方法在物
理模拟实验和琼东南盆地中的应用结果表明，在伸张构造中由于剪切变形作用，基于面积守恒的方法优于层长守恒的方
法。面积深度法利用构造前沉积地层的几何形态来预测构造整体拉张量和滑脱层深度，面积守恒法可以利用同构造沉积地
层和已知的滑脱层位置来预测拉张构造整体的拉张量和不同阶段的拉张量变化。
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| 关 键 词： | 层长守恒 面积深度 面积守恒 拉张量 长昌凹陷 |
Applicability Analysis of Different Methods for Extensional Displacement Calculation in Extensional Structures with Application in Qiongdongnan Basin |
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| ZHANG Yingzhao,WANG Wei,GAN Jun,YIN Hongwei,ZHU Jitian,ZHANG Jiaxing.Applicability Analysis of Different Methods for Extensional Displacement Calculation in Extensional Structures with Application in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2019,25(5):730. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yingzhao WANG Wei GAN Jun YIN Hongwei ZHU Jitian ZHANG Jiaxing |
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| Abstract: | We apply three area-balance techniques to a well-constrained experimental sand model of extensional structures. The
bed-length-constant method assumes that bed length and thickness remain constant during deformation, then the extensional
displacement in different stages of deformation can be calculated through flexural-slip restoration. The area-depth-strain method, which
uses the excess/lost areas and depths of several pre-deformation strata to build an area-depth line, can directly give the depth of
detachment and the displacement along it. The area-depth-strain method allows the bed length and thickness to change during
deformation. The area-constant method assumes that the depth of the detachment is known, according to the area balance, and the area
of syn-tectonic sedimentary can be used to calculate the corresponding extensional displacement as well as the total displacement. The
results of the sand model show that the area-depth-strain method and the area-constant method can be well applied to the
pre-deformation strata and syn-tectonic strata, respectively. In addition, the bed-length-constant method can produce extra errors which
may be over 10% and are caused by the shear deformation. The Changchang sag in Qiongdongnan Basin mainly contains the Cenozoic
syn-tectonic strata developed on the Pre-Cenozoic basement. The results of the area-constant-method give the extensional displacements
during the deposition of Lingtou, Yacheng, and Lingshui Formation of 13.8 km, 15 km and 21.4 km, respectively, with the total
amount of displacement and extensional rate of 50.2 km and 42.7%. The results also show that the area-constant method and the
area-depth-strain method are much more reliable than the bed-length-constant method in extensional basins with shear deformation.
The area-depth-strain method can be applied in structures with well constrained pre-deformation strata, and the area-constant method
uses growth strata to calculate the corresponding extensional displacement as well as the total displacement |
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| Keywords: | bed-length-constant method area-depth-strain method area-constant method extensional amount Changchang Sag |
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