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石壕煤矿岩巷掘进中的瓦斯灾害特征及预防对策
引用本文:吴斌.石壕煤矿岩巷掘进中的瓦斯灾害特征及预防对策[J].中国煤炭地质,2009(7):45-48.
作者姓名:吴斌
作者单位:松藻煤电公司瓦斯地质研究院,重庆綦江401445
摘    要:石壕煤矿在茅口组石灰岩中掘进巷道时,时有瓦斯灾害事故的发生。从地质构造和水文地质方面研究了瓦斯的聚集条件,认为石灰岩中早期的溶洞、裂隙等是瓦斯的储藏空间,断裂构造切割煤系与石灰岩地层时,为煤层和围岩中瓦斯进入创造了条件;茅口组灰岩深埋地下,地下水交替循环差,对瓦斯的富集起到了封闭作用。研究表明:井田内煤岩瓦斯突出一方面是由于在岩巷掘进时,当地层走向发生变化时,对其方向没有进行及时调整,导致岩巷掘进层位距突出煤层的垂直距离太近,放炮或垮落引起的;另一方面是由于在掘进与煤系地层联通的较大张性或张扭性瓦斯富集的隐伏断裂带时,没有采取专门的预防措施,放炮引起的。按岩巷掘进中瓦斯异常涌出量的快慢及大小,将瓦斯异常涌出表现形式分为缓变型、突变型、突增渐缓型三种,并对各自的特征进行了总结。预测矿井现开拓的南三区和北三区瓦斯灾害严重,以南三区更为突出,提出了进行超前探测,钻孔抽放等预防措施。

关 键 词:岩巷掘进  煤岩瓦斯突出  瓦斯异常涌出  聚集条件  防治措施  石壕煤矿

Gas Disaster Characteristics and Prevention Countermeasures during Hard Heading Driving in Shihao Coalmine
Wu Bin.Gas Disaster Characteristics and Prevention Countermeasures during Hard Heading Driving in Shihao Coalmine[J].Coal Geology of China,2009(7):45-48.
Authors:Wu Bin
Institution:Wu Bin (Gas Geological Research Institute, Songzao Coal and Power Company, Qijiang, Chongqing 401445)
Abstract:During the hard heading driving in the Maokou Formation limestone in the Shihao coalmine, gas disasters happened occasionally. Gas concentration conditions have studied from geological structure and hydrogeological aspects. Considered that early stage karstic caves and fissures in limestone are gas preservation spaces; when coal measures and limestone cut by faults, thus provided conditions for gas entering. The deep buried Maokou Formation limestone has poor groundwater circulation and alternation; the sealing process enriched the gas concentration. The research has demonstrated that the outburst of coal and gas in the minefield, resulting from the hard heading driving, when strata strike changed, driving orientation has not been adjusted in due course thus lead the distance between driving ancI outburst trending coal seam too near and triggered by blasting or caving on the one hand; and driving in larger tensional or tenso-shearing gas concentrated hidden fault zone connected with coal measures strata and no special prevention measures adopted and triggered by blasting on the other hand. According to speed and dimension of gas abnormal outflow in hard heading driving, divided the gas abnormal outflow behaving into three types: slow changed, rapid changed and rapid increasing then gradually slowing, and summarized respective characteristics. It is predicted that gas disaster is serious in the South No.3 winning district and North No.3 winning district they are developing at present, especially the South No.3 winning district, thus prevention measures of advanced prospecting and borehole drainage put forward.
Keywords:hard heading driving  outburst of coal and gas  concentration condition  controlling measures  Shihao coalmine
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