| 河道疏浚底泥堆土镉污染修复技术分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 章长松.河道疏浚底泥堆土镉污染修复技术分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2021,49(5):200-208. |
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| 作者姓名： | 章长松 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市自然科学基金项目Gky201908国家自然科学基金项目41772253 |
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| 摘 要： | 城市生活垃圾中重金属Cd污染修复是我国亟待解决的环境问题之一。为了确定最佳Cd污染修复技术，探究了多种镉修复技术在河道治理中的适用性。以华东地区城市河道疏浚底泥堆土修复工程为例，对重金属镉污染土壤的修复工艺进行了对比和分析。拟选定土壤稳定化修复技术、土壤淋洗技术和植物修复技术三种修复工艺对受污染土壤进行治理。实验结果表明，稳定化修复技术可以使土壤中镉的浸出率从33.3%降低到14.3%，能有效降低其在环境中的生物毒性，但镉的总量并不会降低；采用柠檬酸和草酸的土壤淋洗技术，能够使镉的去除率达到90.1%和92.4%；相比而言，植物修复技术具有更为突出的高效性、易操作和二次污染少的特点，但修复周期较长。从技术、经济、环境安全等多方面出发，分别对三种修复工艺进行了分析讨论，综合考虑了研究场地的现状和未来规划，最终确定土壤淋洗技术为治理河道底泥堆土镉污染的最佳选择。
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| 关 键 词： | 底泥 镉污染 稳定化修复 土壤淋洗 植物修复 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-27 |
Remediation techniques for cadmium-contaminated dredged river sediments after land disposal |
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| Abstract: | The remediation of heavy metal Cd contamination in municipal waste is one of the urgent environmental problems in China. To determine the best Cd pollution remediation technology, this paper investigates the applicability of various cadmium(Cd) remediation techniques in river treatment. These remediation methods are compared and analyzed based on the dredged river sediments after land disposal in a city in East China. Three remediation techniques of stabilization, soil leaching, and phytoremediation, are compared by analyzing the performance of the techniques for Cd-contaminated soil remediation. The experimental results show that the stabilization technique reduced the leaching rate of soil Cd from 33.3% to 14.3%, thus effectively reducing the biological toxicity of environmental Cd, but the total amount of Cd in soil did not decrease. Leaching soil with citric acid and oxalic acid achieved Cd removal rates of 90.1% and 92.4%, respectively. Compared with these two remediation techniques, phytoremediation was more efficient and easier to implement and had less secondary pollution but took a longer time(usually several years). In this study, these three remediation techniques were analyzed and discussed from technical, economic, and environmental safety perspectives by comprehensively considering the current status and future plans of the study site. Soil leaching was found to be the best technique for treating Cd contamination in dredged river sediments after land disposal. |
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