| 超磁致伸缩声波震源的时频特征与实测研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王泽伦,高洪鑫,于师建,王永申.超磁致伸缩声波震源的时频特征与实测研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2020,48(5):225-231. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王泽伦 高洪鑫 于师建 王永申 |
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| 作者单位： | 辽宁工程技术大学 电气与控制工程学院,辽宁 葫芦岛 125105;山东科技大学 安全与环境工程学院,山东 青岛 266590;华电煤业集团有限公司,北京 100035 |
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| 摘 要： | 宽频带、大功率、短余振声波震源是高分辨率探测大尺度复杂结构体的关键技术，为了解决探测距离与其分辨率的矛盾问题，采用超磁致伸缩材料制作的声波发射器作为震源，研制了一种新的声波探测仪器。该震源中心频率为5 kHz，激励电压300~600 V，具有辐射声功率大、余振短（3.5个周期）、频带宽（1~3 kHz）的特性；其最大的优点是每次激发的声波信号一致性好，可以采用单点多次激发，通过多次叠加的数据处理技术提高信噪比，较好地解决了声波探测距离与分辨率的矛盾，并成功地应用于煤矿采场顶煤厚度探测。现场探测结果表明:大功率声波探测系统能够有效提取4~7 m煤岩交界面的反射波信号，借助于小波多分辨分析信号处理方法，有效地提高了采场顶煤厚度探测的精度及其可靠性，为顶煤厚度精确探测提供了一条有效途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 超磁致伸缩材料 声波 小波分析 煤厚 探测移动阅读 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-06 |
Study on time-frequency characteristics and field test of giant magnetostrictive acoustic wave seismic source |
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| Abstract: | Wide-band, high-power and short-residual acoustic wave sources are the key technology for high-resolution detection of large-scale complex structures, in order to solve the contradiction between detection distance and resolution, a new acoustic wave detection instrument is developed by using the acoustic transmitter made of giant magnetostrictive material(GMM) as the source. The focal center frequency is 5 kHz, and the excitation voltage is 300-600 V, it has the characteristics of large radiated sound power, short residual vibration(3.5 cycles) and frequency band width(1-3 kHz), which solves the problem of the high resolution acoustic wave detection. Its greatest advantage is that the acoustic signal generated each time has good consistency, and can be excited by single point and multiple times. The signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by multiple superposition data processing technology. The problem of high-resolution acoustic detection of M-scale structure body has solved the contradiction between acoustic detection distance and resolution, and has been successfully applied to the detection of top coal thickness in coal mine stope. The field survey results show that the high power acoustic wave detection system can reliably extract 4-7 m of reflected wave signals at the interface of deep coal and rock; The wavelet analysis results show that with the help of wavelet multi-resolution analysis to enhance resolution, the accuracy and reliability of top coal thickness detection in stope are improved, it provides an effective way for accurate detection of top coal thickness. |
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