| 窑街矿区浅层煤系气储层特征及勘探开发关键技术 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜新锋,袁崇亮,王正喜,王君得,李世兵,刘敬丹,何秀清,张天国,单元伟,方佳伟.窑街矿区浅层煤系气储层特征及勘探开发关键技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2021,49(6):58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜新锋 袁崇亮 王正喜 王君得 李世兵 刘敬丹 何秀清 张天国 单元伟 方佳伟 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目41972167山西省科技重大专项项目20201101002 |
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| 摘 要： | 煤系气勘探开发不仅可以减少资源浪费，而且可以缓解我国能源危机，降低煤矿瓦斯事故，保护大气环境，为实现碳达峰、碳中和目标做出贡献。依托窑街矿区海石湾井田三采区浅层煤系气开发示范工程，分析窑街矿区煤系气储层特征，探讨煤系气勘探开发关键技术。研究表明:井田煤系气主要赋存于侏罗系中统窑街群煤系第四岩组(J2yj4)的油页岩、油砂岩和第二岩组(J2yj2)的油A层、煤二层等特厚产层中；油A层、煤二层气含量随着埋深的增加而增大；CO2浓度较高，且随着埋深增加而减小；煤二层吸附能力较强，油A层更容易解吸；各层渗透率为油砂岩 > 油A层 > 煤二层 > 油页岩；抗压强度、抗拉强度、弹性模量、泊松比和脆性指数显示各产层改造难易程度由小到大依次为油砂岩、油A层、油页岩、煤二层。油页岩有机质丰度4.06%，干酪根类型Ⅱ2–Ⅲ型；油A层有机质丰度43.27%，变质程度呈两极分化，腐泥煤镜质体反射率0.48%~0.53%，腐植煤镜质体反射率0.89%~0.97%；煤二层有机质丰度92.87%，其中镜质组体积分数67.90%，惰质组29.10%，壳质组3.50%，变质程度以肥煤为主，含少量气肥煤。与我国大部分欠压地层相比，各产层储层压力正常，产气潜力大；煤系气开发应优选煤二层、油A层和油页岩；多段分簇、限流法射孔工艺和细砂防滤失、投球暂堵、两高一低(高排量、高砂量、低砂比)的压裂工艺适合于该区致密特厚储层改造，挂泵位置低于煤二层射孔段和重力式螺旋气锚排采工艺可减少CO2的影响，提高排采效率。这些关键技术的应用显著提高了井田示范工程产气效果，单井日产气量超过2 000 m3。
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| 关 键 词： | 煤系气 储层特征 勘探开发 窑街矿区 侏罗纪 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-15 |
Characteristics of shallow coal measure gas reservoir and key technologies of exploration and development in Yaojie mining area |
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| Abstract: | The exploration and development of coal measures gas can not only effectively improve the single well production of coalbed methane in coal mining areas, reduce the waste of resources, but also alleviate the energy crisis in China, reduce coal mine gas accidents, protect the atmospheric environment, and contribute to the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. Based on the shallow coal measure gas development demonstration project in the third mining area of Haishiwan mine field, the characteristics of coal measure gas reservoirs in Yaojie mining area are analyzed, and the key technologies for coal-measure gas exploration and development are discussed. The research showed that coal measure gas in the mine field is mainly present in the oil shale and oil sandstone of the fourth rock group(J2yj4) of the Jurassic Yaojie Formation coal system, and the oil A layer and the second coal layer of the second group(J2yj2). The gas content of oil layer A and second coal layer increases with the increase of burial depth; The CO2 concentration in oil layer A and second coal layer is higher, and decreases with the increase of burial depth; The second coal layer has a strong adsorption capacity, and the oil layer A is easier to desorb; Oil sandstone permeability > oil layer A permeability > second coal layer permeability > oil shale permeability; Compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and brittleness index show that the difficulty of reformation of them in descending order is oil sandstone, oil layer A, oil shale, and coal second layer; The organic matter abundance of oil shale is 4.06%, and kerogen type is Ⅱ2-Ⅲ. The abundance of organic matter in the oil layer A is 43.27%, and the degree of metamorphism is polarized. The saprolite vitrinite reflectance is 0.48%-0.53%, and the humic coal vitrinite reflectance is 0.89%-0.97%. The abundance of organic matter in the second layer of coal is 92.87%, including vitrinite 67.90%, inertinite 29.10%, exinite 3.5%, the degree of metamorphism is mainly fat coal with a small amount of gas fat coal; Compared with most low pressured formations in China, the reservoir pressure of each producing layer is normal and the gas production potential is great; The second coal layer o, the oil layer A and the oil shale should be optimized in the development of coal measure gas. The fracturing technology of multiple clusters, flow-limiting perforating technology and fine sand filtration loss, ball drop temporary plugging, two large and one low(large displacement, large sand volume, low sand ratio) fracturing technology are suitable for the reservoir transformation of the ultra-thick and tight formation in this area, and the pump hanging position is lower than the two-layer perforating section of coal and the gravity spiral gas anchor drainage process can reduce the effect of CO2 and improve the drainage efficiency. The application of these key technologies has significantly improved the gas production effect of the mine field demonstration project. The daily gas production of a single well exceeds 2 000 m3 |
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