| 晋中南地区铝土矿矿物特征及其成因 |
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| 引用本文： | 王森,何广武,李阔,崔先健,李晓光,刘钦甫.晋中南地区铝土矿矿物特征及其成因[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(1):20. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王森 何广武 李阔 崔先健 李晓光 刘钦甫 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市共建项目（20121141301）；湖南科技大学页岩气资源利用湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目（E21530） |
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| 摘 要： | 铝土矿是生产金属铝的主要来源，用途广泛。利用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜–能谱、X射线衍射、红外及差热分析等手段，研究晋中南石炭系铝土矿矿物特征，分析主要矿物成因。结果表明，铝土矿中所含矿物主要是硬水铝石和高岭石，少量伊利石、绿泥石、赤铁矿、菱铁矿、针铁矿、锐钛矿、金红石、石英、钾长石及方解石等。硬水铝石分隐晶–微晶碎屑、它形粒状晶体、短柱–鳞片状晶体3种类型，差热曲线吸热峰温度偏低，晶胞参数均值a为0.441 546 nm，b为0.945 445 nm，c为0.285 250 nm。硬水铝石主要由高岭石脱硅转变而成，少量为结晶成因。高岭石形成于温暖潮湿气候的风化过程中，部分为复硅化产物。锐钛矿形成于低温低压、TiO2供应充足的环境中。赤铁矿由含水氧化铁矿物风化脱水形成，少部分为成矿早期沼泽相或海相沉积。石英、钾长石及一些重矿物为陆源碎屑来源。
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| 关 键 词： | 铝土矿 晋中南 矿物组成 矿物成因 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-01-18 |
Mineral features and genesis of bauxite deposits in central and southern Shanxi Province |
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| Abstract: | The mineral features of bauxite in central and southern Shanxi Province were studied by polarization microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Experimental results show that the major minerals in bauxite are diaspore and kaolinite, with a few of illite, chlorite, hematite, goethite, anatase, rutile, quartz, flint, potassium feldspar and calcite. Diaspore is divided into three tyes:cryptocrytal-microcrystal, allotriomorphic granular and short columnar crystal with a lower endothermal temperature, and a=0.441 546 nm, b=0.945 445 nm, c=0.285 250 nm, mainly formed by desiliconization of kaolinite, a little was transformed from crystallization. Kaolinite was formed during the weathering process in warm and humid climate and a part of kaolinite was the porduct of silica replacement Anatase was formed in low temperature and low pressure environments with abundant TiO2 supply. Hematite came from dehydration of hydrous ferric oxide mineral, small part from early metallogenic swamp facies or marine deposit; Quartz, potash feldspar and some other heavy minerals are the terrigenous clastic. |
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