| 小秦岭金矿区小麦和玉米重金属的健康风险评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 张江华,徐友宁,吴耀国.小秦岭金矿区小麦和玉米重金属的健康风险评价[J].地质学报,2019,93(2):501-508. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张江华 徐友宁 吴耀国 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北工业大学应用化学系,西安,710072;西北工业大学应用化学系,西安,710072;西北工业大学应用化学系,西安,710072 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文为重点研发计划（编号2017YFF0206803）；中国地质调查项目（编号DD20160336）资助的成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 重金属污染引发的农产品质量安全问题已成为全社会关注的焦点。为了解小秦岭金矿开发引起的重金属污染风险,采集了同点位的农田土壤、小麦和玉米籽粒样品,测定了其中Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Cu和Zn的含量及其在土壤中的形态;采用指数法和RAC风险评价法分析了土壤重金属的污染风险,采用转移因子和目标风险指数法评价了小麦、玉米籽粒中重金属的健康风险。结果表明:小秦岭金矿区土壤中Hg、Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn含量受矿业活动影响强度大,在土壤中累积明显;土壤中Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu总量超过了国家限值,呈现污染;Cd、Hg、Cu具有潜在生态风险。小麦和玉米籽粒中Pb以及玉米籽粒中的Cd的平均含量高于国家标准,呈现一定程度的污染;部分小麦样品中的Hg、Cd和部分玉米样品中的Cd超过WHO/FAO安全限值,小麦和玉米籽粒中度Pb平均含量超过欧盟安全标准,说明具有潜在的健康风险。重金属的转移因子表明Cd、Zn及Cu比其他重金属更容易从土壤转移到小麦和玉米籽粒中;通过小麦对重金属的摄入量略高于玉米,远低于WHO/FAO推荐剂量;目标风险指数评价表明,只消费小麦或玉米基本不产生健康风险,但同时消费矿区生长的小麦和玉米具有较高的Pb健康风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 玉米 土壤 重金属 健康风险 小秦岭金矿区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/2/8 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/8/22 0:00:00 |
Health risk assessment of heavy metals in wheat and maize in the Xiaoqinling gold mining Area |
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| ZHANG Jianghu,XU Youning and WU Yaoguo.Health risk assessment of heavy metals in wheat and maize in the Xiaoqinling gold mining Area[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2019,93(2):501-508. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Jianghu XU Youning and WU Yaoguo |
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| Abstract: | The quality and safety of agricultural products caused by heavy metal pollution has become the focus of the whole society. In order to understand the risk of heavy metal pollution caused by the development of the Xiaoqinling gold mine, samples of farmland soils, wheat and maize grains were collected at the same sites to test the contents and forms of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Cu and Zn in the soil. The risk of heavy metal pollution in soils was analyzed by exponential method and RAC risk assessment method. The health risk of heavy metals in wheat and maize kernels was evaluated by transfer factor and target risk index. The results show that the contents of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the soil of Xiaoqinling gold mining area are greatly influenced by the mining activities and present distinct accumulated effect on the soil. The total amount of Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu in the soil exceeds the national limit, showing that Cd, Hg and Cu have potential risk for ecology. The average content of Pb in wheat and maize grains and the average content of Cd in maize grains are higher than the national standards, showing a certain degree of pollution. Hg and Cd in some wheat samples and Cd in some maize samples exceed the WHO/FAO safety limits and but the average Pb concentration in maize kernels exceeds EU safety standards, indicating potential health risks. The heavy metal transfer factors indicate that Cd, Zn and Cu are more easily transported from soil to wheat and maize grain than other heavy metals. The intake of heavy metals by wheat is slightly higher than that of corn, but much lower than that WHO/FAO recommended dose. The evaluation of target risk index shows that consuming only wheat or corn poses little health risk, but consuming wheat and corn grown in the mining areas have high Pb health risks. |
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| Keywords: | wheat corn soil heavy metal health risk Xiaoqinling gold mine area |
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