Evolution of India’s monsoon climate through geological times |
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| Authors: | Kshudiram Saha |
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| Institution: | (1) 27, B-Road, Maharani Bagh, 110065 New Delhi, India |
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| Abstract: | Using the theory of plate tectonics and a concept of climate analogs, the paper speculates that a monsoon type of climate
with warm and wet summer and cold and dry winter might have first appeared over the northern part of India when during its
northward drift across the Tethys Ocean (now the Indian Ocean) it was located over the subtropical belt of the southern hemisphere
some 60 million years before present (BP). The monsoon climate gradually evolved and extended to other parts of India as the
Indian plate after crossing the equator about SO million years BP moved further northward and collided against the north Asian
plate giving rise to the Himalayas along the northern boundary of India some 40 million years BP. Recent studies suggest that
despite short and long period fluctuations, no major secular change or trend has taken place in the monsoon climate of India
since then. |
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| Keywords: | Climate history tectonic movements |
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