| 含卸压孔硬岩应力松弛特性试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵振华,张晓君,李晓程.含卸压孔硬岩应力松弛特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2019,40(6):2192-2199. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵振华 张晓君 李晓程 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山东省地矿工程勘察院，山东 济南 250014；2. 山东理工大学 资源与环境工程学院，山东 淄博 255049；
3. 山东理工大学 矿山工程技术研究所，山东 淄博 255049 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省地下水资源与环境工程研究中心开放基金（No.2017KF003）；山东省自然科学基金（No.ZR2016EL06，No.ZR2015EL016） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对非完整硬岩应力松弛特性研究的不足，开展了含卸压孔的具有岩爆倾向性的辉长岩试样峰前加载、松弛和再加载、再松弛模式的应力松弛试验，得出了其峰前应力松弛特性、松弛模型和超声波变化规律，揭示了应力松弛过程的卸压孔作用机制。结果表明：含卸压孔硬岩应力松弛过程经历了迅速衰减、逐渐衰减和稳定3个演化阶段；随峰前加载载荷增加，其应力松弛度总体上呈现增加，能量耗散量增加，用于硬岩损伤破裂演化的能量比例增加；通过波速、波幅和波形变化对比分析可以反映含卸压孔硬岩应力松弛过程的变形损伤破裂演化进程；Burgers模型能较好地反映含卸压孔硬岩的应力松弛特性。经与完整辉长岩试样应力松弛试验对比分析，表明同等情况下含卸压孔硬岩的应力松弛度更大，松弛过程能量耗散量更多，耗散速度也更快。该研究结果对硬岩、含卸压孔硬岩长期稳定性分析、预测及岩爆解危具有很好的指导和借鉴意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 硬岩 卸压孔 应力松弛 波速 能量耗散 岩爆 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-10 |
Experimental study of stress relaxation characteristics of hard rocks with pressure relief hole |
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| ZHAO Zhen-hua,ZHANG Xiao-jun,LI Xiao-cheng.Experimental study of stress relaxation characteristics of hard rocks with pressure relief hole[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(6):2192-2199. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Zhen-hua ZHANG Xiao-jun LI Xiao-cheng |
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| Institution: | 1. Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China;
2. School of Resources and Environment, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China;
3. Institution of Mining Engineering and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China |
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| Abstract: | Due to the insufficient research on the stress relaxation characteristics of the nonholonomic hard rock, the stress relaxation tests were carried out on the gabbro specimens with pressure relief holes and rock burst tendency. The tests included the modes of pre-peak loading, relaxation and reloading, and re-relaxation. The pre-peak stress relaxation characteristics, relaxation model and ultrasonic variation law were obtained, and the mechanism of pressure relief hole in the stress relaxation process was revealed. Results showed that the stress relaxation process of hard rock with pressure relief holes experienced three evolution stages of rapid attenuation, attenuation and stability. With the gradual increase of pre-peak loading, the stress relaxation degree generally increased, the energy dissipation increased, and the proportion of energy used for damage and fracture evolution of hard rock increased. The deformation, damage, and fracture of hard rock in stress relaxation process can be reflected by the comparative analysis of the wave velocity, wave amplitude and waveform. The Burgers model can better express the stress relaxation characteristics of hard rock with pressure relief holes. Compared with the stress relaxation testing results of intact gabbro specimens, the hard rock containing pressure relief holes had higher stress relaxation degree, greater energy dissipation, and faster dissipation velocity. The research results provide significant guidance and reference for the long-term stability analysis, rock burst prediction and solution of hard rock with or without pressure relief holes. |
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| Keywords: | hard rock pressure relief hole stress relaxation wave velocity energy dissipation rock burst |
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