| 斑岩铜矿系统 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘洪卫,张善明,冯罡,张建,刘雅峰.斑岩铜矿系统[J].地质与资源,2013,22(5):388. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘洪卫 张善明 冯罡 张建 刘雅峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古自治区第八地质矿产勘查开发院, 内蒙古 乌海 016000 |
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| 摘 要： | 从区域尺度和矿床尺度两个方面论述了斑岩铜矿系统的特点.区域尺度上:1)斑岩铜矿多呈矿带或成矿域出现,带内众多斑岩铜矿呈簇或组合呈线状产出,这是构造作用控制下不连续岩株呈线状侵入就位的表现;2)主要产于俯冲作用形成的岛弧和陆缘环境,构造应力属挤压但与中等拉张作用也有关,最近的研究证实大陆碰撞造山带也是斑岩型矿床产出的重要环境;3)其形成是通过具氧化性,S饱和,富含金属的岩浆熔体侵入所致,岩浆侵入作用为成矿提供了物质来源;4)围岩的物理性质以及化学组成对矿床的规模、品位以及矿化类型具有极强的控制作用,碳酸盐岩围岩主要赋存近源Cu-Au夕卡岩矿床,少量远程Zn-Pb或Au夕卡岩矿床,在夕卡岩前缘还形成交代型Cu和Zn-Pb-Ag±Au矿床.矿床尺度上:1)含矿斑岩与斑岩型矿床时空相依,成因相联,是斑岩铜矿重要的含矿母岩和金属-S的可能载体;2)火山角砾岩筒在深部与矿化体平行或斜交,其与围岩的接触带,一般也是富硫金成矿带的一部分;3)与矿化有关的斑岩成矿系统内的角砾岩主要有爆发角砾岩、侵入角砾岩、爆发侵入角砾岩、热液角砾岩和热液卵石脉;4)斑岩铜矿系统中的热液蚀变自下而上可分为不含矿的早期钠质-钙质蚀变→含矿的钾化→绿泥石化-绢云母化→绢云母化→高级泥化,热液蚀变互相套合,矿化互相叠加;5)岩帽是斑岩型热液-成矿活动-蚀变体系的重要组成部分,是重要的找矿标志.
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| 关 键 词： | 斑岩铜矿 蚀变分带 系统结构 角砾岩 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-05-21 |
STUDY ON THE PORPHYRY DEPOSIT SYSTEM |
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| LIU Hong-wei,ZHANG Shan-ming,FENG Gang,ZHANG Jian,LIU Ya-feng.STUDY ON THE PORPHYRY DEPOSIT SYSTEM[J].Geology and Resources,2013,22(5):388. |
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| Authors: | LIU Hong-wei ZHANG Shan-ming FENG Gang ZHANG Jian LIU Ya-feng |
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| Institution: | No. 8 Branch, Inner Mongolia Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development, Wuhai 016000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China |
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| Abstract: | In regional scale, porphyry copper systems have the following characteristics: 1) commonly occurring in belts, with deposits either as clusters or structurally controlled alignments; 2) mainly generated in island arc and continental margin environments, related to compressive or moderate extensional stress; 3) initiated by the invasion of oxidative Ssaturated and metal-rich magma, which provides ore-forming materials; and 4) with the size, grade and type of mineralization strongly influenced by the physical properties and chemical compositions of the host rocks. The depositscale characteristics of porphyry copper systems are as follows: 1) There is a close spatial-temporal and genesis relationship between porphyry copper deposit and porphyry stocks; 2) The volcanic breccia pipes either cut or occur alongside the porphyry copper mineralization in the deep, commonly with high-sulfidation Au mineralization contact zones; 3) The ore-related breccias in the ore-forming system include explosive breccia, intrusive breccia, explosiveintrusion breccia, hydrothermal breccias and hydrothermal pebble veins; 4) From bottom to top, the hydrothermal alterations are in the zonation of early barren sodic-calcic, ore-bearing potassic, chloritization-sericitization, sericitization and advanced argillic alteration; And 5) the lithocap, which is an important indicator for exploration, is a significant component of the hydrothermal-mineralization-alteration system in porphyry copper system. |
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| Keywords: | porphyry copper deposit alteration zonation system structure breccia |
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