| 单因素分析多因素综合作图法——定量岩相古地理重建 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法——定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯增昭 |
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| 作者单位： | 石油大学 北京 100083 |
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| 摘 要： | 笔者倡导并持续采用单因素分析多因素综合作图法这一定量的岩相古地理学方法论。单因素是能独立地反映某地区、某地质时期、某沉积层段沉积环境某些特征的因素,它的有无或含量的多少均可独立地反映该地区、该层段沉积环境的某些特征,如沉积环境水体的深浅、能量大小、性质等。某沉积层段的厚度、岩石类型、结构组分、矿物成分、化学成分、化石及其生态组合等，均可作为单因素。单因素分析多因素综合作图可分三个步骤：第一，是对各剖面尤其是各基干剖面进行认真的地层学和定量岩石学研究，取得各种第一手的定性和定量资料，尤其是定量资料，了解各剖面各沉积层段的沉积环境特征。第二，在已取得的各剖面的定量资料中，按要求的作图单位，选择出那些能独立地反映其沉积环境特征的因素，即单因素；并把全区各剖面各作图单位的各种单因素的百分含量都统计出来，作出各种相应的单因素图，主要是等值线图。这些单因素图可以从不同的侧面定量地反映该地区该沉积层段的沉积环境。这就是单因素分析。第三，把这些定量的单因素图叠加起来，并结合该地区该沉积层段的其他定量和定性资料，去粗取精，去伪存真，全面分析，综合判断，即可编制出该地区该沉积层段的定量岩相古地理图。这就是多因素综合作图。这一方法论的核心是定量，即以各剖面的定量单因素资料为基础，从各单因素图的分析入手，再通过各单因素图的叠加和综合分析判断，最后作出定量的岩相古地理图。在这种岩相古地理图中，各古地理单元的确定都有确切的定量资料和单因素图为依据。定量是笔者等用单因素分析多因素综合作图法编制出的岩相古地理图的最大特色。这就使岩相古地理图和岩相古地理学发展到了定量的阶段。这在古地理学中是个重大的进展。
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| 关 键 词： | 岩相古地理 定量 单因素分析 多因素综合作图 沉积学 |
| 文章编号： | 1671-1505(2004)01-0003-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年9月1日 |
Single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method--reconstruction of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography |
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| Feng ZengzhaoUniversity of Petroleum,Beijing.Single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method--reconstruction of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(1):3-19. |
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| Authors: | Feng ZengzhaoUniversity of Petroleum Beijing |
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| Institution: | University of Petroleum, Beijing 100083 |
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| Abstract: | The author initiated and adopted the single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method as a new methodology of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography in order to reconstruct quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography By meaning， single factors are the factors which can independently reflect some characteristics of sedimentary environments of a stratigraphic interval of a section in an area Presence or absence as well as high or low percentage of single factors can all independently and quantitatively reflect some characteristics of sedimentary environments of the interval of the section in the area, such as water depth, water energy, nature of the sedimentary environments, etc The thickness of the interval and its specific rock types, texture constituents, mineral composition, chemical composition, fossils and their ecological assemblages, etc, can all be taken as single factorsThe single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method include three steps First, an in depth petrological and lithofacies study of each section, especially fundamental section, should be made in order to obtain various reliable firsthand qualitative and quantitative data, especially quantitative data, and to understand the characteristics of sedimentary environments of each interval of each section Second, according to the mapping units, from the quantitative data of each section, select those factors which can independently reflect the characteristics of sedimentary environments, ie the single factors Then the statistics of the percent contents of various single factors of each mapping unit of each section in the area are made Based on these percentage data, the various quantitative single factor maps, mainly isoline maps， are composed These single factor maps can quantitatively reflect the characteristics of sedimentary environments of the mapping unit of the area from different aspects This is the single factor analysis Third, through superimposition and synthesis of these quantitative single factor maps, combined with other quantitative and qualitative data of this mapping unit of the area, with the dross discarded and the essential selected, with the false eliminated and the true retained, the quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography map of the mapping unit of the area can be composed This is the multifactor comprehensive mappingThe core of this methodology is quantification That is, based on the quantitative single factor data of each section, starting from analysis of various quantitative single factor maps, through superimposition and comprehensive analysis and judgement, finally the quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography map can be composed In such palaeogeography map, the definition of each palaeogeographic unit is based on quantitative data and quantitative single factor maps Therefore, such lithofacies palaeogeography maps are no longer sketchy and qualitative, but quantitative instead Quantification is the most important character of the author's lithofacies palaeogeography maps This makes lithofacies palaeogeography map and lithofacies palaeogeogaphy develop into the quantitative stage This is an important development in palaeogeography |
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| Keywords: | Single factor single factor analysis multifactor comprehensive mapping quantification |
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