| 成都金沙遗址距今3000年的古气候探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 姚轶锋,李奎,刘建,王宇飞,杜乃秋,李承森.成都金沙遗址距今3000年的古气候探讨[J].古地理学报,2005,7(4):549-560. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姚轶锋 李奎 刘建 王宇飞 杜乃秋 李承森 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100093;2.成都理工大学博物馆, 成都 610059;3.北京自然博物馆, 北京 100050;4.中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039 |
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| 摘 要： | 成都金沙遗址位于成都西郊金沙村，可能是商代晚期至西周时期（约公元前11世纪–前770年）古蜀国的都邑所在地。本文分析了金沙遗址两个探方WT7908和IT8305的31个孢粉样品，探方IT8305孢粉组合表明：蕨类植物孢子占60.3%，草本被子植物花粉占24.8%，木本裸子和被子植物花粉占14.2%，水生植物花粉相对较少，仅占0.7%。蕨类植物主要以蹄盖蕨科、水龙骨科和凤尾蕨属为主，草本植物中野牡丹科占绝对优势，木本裸子和被子植物中主要以松属和桦木属为主，水生植物主要包括双星藻、鸭跖草科和香蒲属。成都平原在这个时期的气候分为两个阶段，前期阶段的气候属于亚热带温暖湿润气候，平原上生长着茂盛的草本植物和蕨类植物；后期阶段的气候虽然还属于亚热带气候，但较前期更加湿热，气温和降雨量都比前期要高。定量分析和重建了金沙遗址距今3000年的古气候：年均温17.7–19.8ºC、最热月均温21.7–28.6ºC、最冷月均温11.5–11.9ºC、年较差12.1–14.9ºC、年降雨量993.3–1113.3 mm、最大月降雨量224.6–268.1 mm、最小月降雨量6.9–14.1 mm。成都地区3000年前的年均温比现在要高1.7–2.8ºC，而年降雨量基本和现在一致。
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| 关 键 词： | 成都 金沙遗址 距今3000年 孢粉 古气候 |
| 文章编号： | 1671-1505（2005）04-0549-12 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-04-10 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-07-15 |
Discussion on palaeoclimate of Jinsha Site in Chengdu in 3000 a BP |
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| Yao Yifeng,Li Kui,Liu Jian,Wang Yufei,Du Naiqiu,Li Chengsen.Discussion on palaeoclimate of Jinsha Site in Chengdu in 3000 a BP[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2005,7(4):549-560. |
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| Authors: | Yao Yifeng Li Kui Liu Jian Wang Yufei Du Naiqiu Li Chengsen |
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| Institution: | 1 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093;
2 Museum, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059;
3 Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing, 100050 ;
4 Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 |
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| Abstract: | Jinsha Site is located at Jinsha Cun in the western part of Chengdu City. This site is considered to be the center of ancient Shu Country during the period from the late period of Shang Dynasty to Xizhou Dynasty (about B.c.1100–770 yrs). Thirty-one palynological samples collected from two profiles (WT7908 &; IT8305) in Jinsha Site were analyzed. The results show that samples from profile IT8305 contain abundant pollen and spores. The palynological assemblage shows that pteridophyte spores are abundant with the percentage of 60.3% and dominated by Athyraceae, Polypodiaceae and Pteris. The pollen of herbs is 24.8% in percentage, with the abundant pollen of Melastomataceae. The pollen of trees and shrubs has the percentage of 4.2%, with Pinus and Betula mostly. The pollen of aquatic plants reaches 0.7%, including Zygnemataceae, Commelinaceae and Typha. Based on the palynological data of Jinsha Site, the subtropical climate in Chengdu plain is divided into two stages, with the warm and wet condition in the first stage and more humid and hot in the second one. The climate of Jinsha Site 3000 yrs B.P. ago is also reconstructed by the coexistence approach quantitatively: the mean annual temperature is 17.7–19.8ºC, mean temperature of the warmest month 21.7–28.6ºC, mean temperature of the coldest month 11.5–11.9ºC, difference of temperatures between coldest and warmest months 12.1–14.9ºC, mean annual precipitation 993.3–1113.3mm, mean maximum monthly precipitation 224.6–268.1mm, and mean minimum monthly precipitation 6.9–14.1mm. The mean annual temperature in Chengdu region is suggested to be 1.7–2.8ºC higher than the present value, but the mean annual precipitation is in conformity with recent one. |
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| Keywords: | Chengdu Jinsha Site 3 000 a BP pollen and spores paleoclimate |
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