| 塔里木地区奥陶纪岩相古地理 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯增昭,鲍志东,吴茂炳,金振奎,时晓章,骆艾荣.塔里木地区奥陶纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2007,9(5):447-460. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯增昭 鲍志东 吴茂炳 金振奎 时晓章 骆艾荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国石油大学（北京） 北京100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国石油天然气总公司资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文是《塔里木地区寒武纪岩相古地理》一文的延续。塔里木地区是以当今的塔里木盆地为主体并包括其周边山地的广大地区，北至中天山，南至西昆仑山，西至我国国界，东至阿尔金山，面积逾100万km2 。在98个露头剖面和钻井剖面的各种单因素定量及定性资料的基础上，采用单因素分析多因素综合作图法，编制出了塔里木地区奥陶系下奥陶统两河口阶和红花园阶、中奥陶统大湾阶和牯牛潭阶、上奥陶统庙坡阶、上奥陶统宝塔阶、上奥陶统临湘阶和五峰阶5个作图单位的各种单因素图，并在此基础上编制出了相应的5个地质时期的岩相古地理图。这些岩相古地理图的最主要特征是定量，即每个古地理单元的划分和确定都有确切的定量资料及定量单因素图为依据。这种定量的岩相古地理图在塔里木地区还是首次出现。在早奥陶世两河口期和红花园期，塔里木地区主要是碳酸盐台地，其中散布着各种滩。其北部为南天山盆地，东部为塔东盆地，南部为西昆仑台地，其东侧为东昆仑台地和柴达木台地。无陆地和云坪，盆地面积相当大。这与该地区寒武纪的岩相古地理格局大不相同。这表明早奥陶世的海进比寒武纪的更甚了。中奥陶世大湾期和牯牛潭期的岩相古地理面貌与两河口期和红花园期的相似，但南天山盆地西部扩大了，从而形成了柯坪盆地。这是一个重要变化。庙坡期的古地理面貌与大湾期和牯牛潭期的相似，但滩少了，这标志着海进又发展了且可能到达了盛期。至宝塔期，在塔里木台地的东南部，碎屑岩发育，这是塔里木碳酸盐台地向碎屑岩台地变化的预兆，是海退的标志。到晚奥陶世的临湘期和五峰期，塔里木台地基本上变成了1个碎屑岩台地。这是一个重大变化。这标志着塔里木地区寒武纪和奥陶纪海进海退旋回的终结。
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| 关 键 词： | 塔里木地区 奥陶纪 岩相古地理 单因素分析多因素综合作图法 定量 |
| 文章编号： | 1671-1505（2007）05-0447-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-11-10 |
Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Ordovician in Tarim area |
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| Feng Zengzhao,Bao Zhidong,Wu Maobing,Jin Zhenkui,Shi Xiaozhang,Luo Airong.Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Ordovician in Tarim area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(5):447-460. |
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| Authors: | Feng Zengzhao Bao Zhidong Wu Maobing Jin Zhenkui Shi Xiaozhang Luo Airong |
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| Institution: | China University of Petroleum (Beijing ), Beijing 100083 |
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| Abstract: | This paper is a continuation of Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Cambrian in Tarim area. The Tarim area in this paper refers to the present Tarim Basin and its surrounding mountainous areas, bounded on the north by the Central Tianshan Mountains,on the south by the Kunlun Mountains,on the west by the boundary line of our country,and on the east by the Ahun Mountains.It covers an area of more than 1000000 km~2.Based on the qualitative and quantitative data of 98 outcrop and well sections, according to the single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method,the single factor maps of 5 mapping stratigraphic units i.e.the Lianghekou Stage and Honghuayuan Stage of Lower Ordovi- clan,the Dawan Stage and Guniutan Stage of Middle Ordovician,the Miaopo Stage of Upper Ordovician, the Baota Stage of Upper Ordovician,and the Linxiang Stage and Wufeng Stage of Upper Ordovician,and correspondingly the lithofacies palaeogeography maps of the 5 geologic periods of Tarim area are compiled. The most important character of these palaeogeography maps is quantification.Quantification means that the determination of each palaeogeography unit is based on the quantitative data and the quantitative single factor maps.It is the first time to apply this quantitative method to compile the quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography maps in the Tarim area.During the Lianghekou Age and Honghuayuan Age of Early Or- dovician,the Tarim area was mainly a carbonate platform,in which various banks were distributed. Its northern and eastern parts were the South Tianshan Basin and the East Tarim Basin.Its southern part was the West Kunlun Platform.To the east,the East Kunlun Platform and the Qaidam Platform were devel- oped.There were no lands and dolomitic flats,but the basin area was larger.The lithofacies palaeogeo- graphic characteristics were quite different from those of the Cambrian.It means that the transgression in the Early Ordovician was more extensive than that in the Cambrian.The lithofacies palaeogeography of the Dawan Age and Guniutan Age of Middle Ordovician was similar to that of the Lianghekou Age and Honghu- ayuan Age,but the area of the western South Tianshan Basin became larger and the Keping Basin was formed.This is an important change.The lithofacies palaeogeography of the Miaopo Age was similar to that of the Dawan Age and Guniutan Age,but the banks became fewer.It means that the transgression was more developed and might reach the peak.During the Baota Age,the clastic rocks were developed in southeastern Tarim Platform.It means that the Tarim Platform was beginning to change from the carbonate platform to the clastic platform,and it was the marker of regression.During the Linxiang Age and Wufeng Age of Late Ordovician,the Tarim Platform became a clastic platform.It was an important evolution and marked the end of transgression and regression cycle of the Cambrian and Ordovician in Tarim area. |
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| Keywords: | Tarim area Ordovician lithofacies palaeogeography single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method quantification |
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