| 历史时期关中地区气候变化的初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱士光,王元林,呼林贵.历史时期关中地区气候变化的初步研究[J].第四纪研究,1998,18(1):1-11. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱士光 王元林 呼林贵 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西师范大学!西安，710062，陕西师范大学!西安，710062，陕西省文物局!西安，710004 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金!96AZS021，“九五”规划重点资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 关中地区地理位置特殊,是中华民族的一个重要发祥地,历史时期气候曾发生多次明显的变化。通过对这一地区考古发掘、抱粉分析研究成果以及丰富的史籍文献、地方志等资料的收集、整理、分析,划分出全新世早期寒冷、全新世中期暖湿、西周冷干、春秋至西汉前期暖润、西汉后期至北朝凉干、隋和唐前中期暖润、唐后期至北宋凉干、金前期温干、金后期和元凉干、明清冷干等10个气候变化阶段,从而建立起该地区历史时期完整的气候变化序列。
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| 关 键 词： | 历史时期 关中地区 气候变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 1997-11-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 1997-11-24 |
STUDY ON CLIMATE VARIATIONS IN THE REGION OF GUANZHONG IN THE HISTORICAL PERIOD |
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| Zhu Shiguang, Wang Yuanlin.STUDY ON CLIMATE VARIATIONS IN THE REGION OF GUANZHONG IN THE HISTORICAL PERIOD[J].Quaternary Sciences,1998,18(1):1-11. |
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| Authors: | Zhu Shiguang Wang Yuanlin |
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| Institution: | 1. Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062;
2. Historical Relic Office of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710004 |
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| Abstract: | Guanzhong basin lies in the center of Shaanxi Province. It is near the QinlingMountains in the Southern of the region. In the Northern of the area, it is near theHuanglong and Qiaoshan Hill. Yellow River is in the eastern and Longshan Mountainis in the western of the district. Nowadays, the basin is governed by five cities i. e.Xi'an, Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan and Tongchuan.The basin consistent with Weihe River fault Weihe River going from west to east.In the center of area, it is a region of Weihe terrace. In the northern area. it is pallof the Loess Plateau. In the southern area, it is a series of alluvial fan of QinglingMountains.Guanzhong basin is' one of the birthplaces of Chinese Nationality. In the l.15whition years ago, Lantian ape-man lived here. In the middle of Holocene, that is,the clan community in the Neolithic age. It was the main distributed area of Yangshao Culture and Longshan Culture. The production of primitive agriculture and stockraising was very prosperous in the region.Since the year of 1000 B.C., the capitals of 13 Dynasties, such as Zhou, Qin,Han, Tang Dynasty and so on, had been built in Xi'an. Guanzhong area was apolitical, economic and culture center in China, it lasted above 1100 years as a capital.After Tang dynasty the capitals of feudal kingdom were not built here, but Xi'an wasalso an important city in Shaanxi province and the Northwest China. So, Guanzhongbasin is a center of Chinese traditional culture. Because of thes, there are a lot ofancient traces and a large quantity of historical documents, offering as the basis forstudying climatic change of historical time.Especially since the year of 221 B. C., in many historical periods, based on thehistorical data and other research results, such as arehaeological studies, pollen analysis,and loess, studies, we can establish the criterion which is a unit of 10 years or oneyear in different .rate on climate variation. If tracing to the early of Holocene, we canuse the ways of archaeology and geology to build up standard array of climate changein the whole Holocene. It is very necessary for us to research climate variation in theHolocene and in historical period.Based on collecting and sorting out for archaeological discoveries, pollen analysesand historical documents, it is divided into 10 stages of climate change in the area inhistorical period as followings:(1) In the early of Holocene (10 000 - 8 000 aB. P. ), frigid climate, the annualmean temperature was 5-6℃ lower than that of present.(2) In the middle of Holocene (8 000- 3 000 aB. P. ),warm and humid climate.During this period, the annual mean temperature was 2℃ higher than that of presentin Yangshao Culture period (7000- 5 000 aB.P.). The annual mean rainfall was 100-200mm more than that of present.(3) In the 11th Century B.C. -the sib Century B.C., frigid and arid climate. Theannual mean temperature was 1-2℃ lower than that of present, and the precipitationwas lower than that of present.(4) In the 8th Century B.C -1st Century B.C., warm and humid climate. Theannual mean temperature was 1 -2℃ higher than that of present and the rainfall wasmore than that of present.(5) In the 1st cent Century B.C. -the 6th Century A.D., cold and arid climate.(6) In the 7th A.D. - the 8th A. D., warm and humid climate. The annual meantemperature was 1℃ higher than that of present(7) In the 9th Century A.D. -the 11th Century A.D., cold and arid climate.(8) In the 12th Century A. D., warm and arid climate. The annual meantemperature was higher than that of present.(9) In the early of the 13th Century A.D.-the early of 14th Century A.D., coldand arid climate.(10) In the early of 14th Century A. D. - the early of 20th Century A.D., frigidand arid climate.In every stage, there were some fluctuations on temperature and rainfall. |
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| Keywords: | historical period Guanzhong area climate change |
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