近2600年来黄河下游沉积量和上中游产沙量变化过程 SEDIMENTATION IN THE LOWER REACHES AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE UPPER AND MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YELLOW RIVER IN THE PAST 2600 YEARS期刊界 All Journals 搜尽天下杂志传播学术成果专业期刊搜索期刊信息化学术搜索

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近2600年来黄河下游沉积量和上中游产沙量变化过程

引用本文：	师长兴,徐加强,郭立鹏,张鸾.近2600年来黄河下游沉积量和上中游产沙量变化过程[J].第四纪研究,2009,29(1):116-125.

作者姓名：	师长兴徐加强郭立鹏张鸾

作者单位：	1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室,北京,100101 2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室,北京,100101;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049

基金项目：	国家自然科学基金，中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新三期领域前沿课题联合资助项目

摘要：	主要基于华北平原上93个钻孔中沉积物详细观测和分析数据，结合182组¹⁴C测年和埋深数据、参考前人黄河下游河道历史变迁及其他相关研究成果，估算出2600年以来黄河下游在602BC～11A.D.，11～1034A.D.，1034～1128A.D.，1128～1855A.D.和1855～1997A.D.等5个历史时期的年平均沉积量分别是3.89×10^8t/a，2.24×10^8t/a，6.63×10^8t/a，6.78×10^8t/a和8.47×10^8t/a。通过建立黄河下游有无堤防和决溢频率与泥沙输移比的关系，计算出5个时期黄河上中游的平均年输沙量分别是6.2×10^8t/a，6.8×10^8t/a，8.3×10^8t/a，11.5×10^8t/a和15.3×10^8t/a。进而探讨了黄河输沙量变化的主要原因，以及历史上王景治河后出现的600年安流时期的原因。
关键词：	黄河泥沙沉积量泥沙沉积比土壤侵蚀产沙变化
SEDIMENTATION IN THE LOWER REACHES AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE UPPER AND MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YELLOW RIVER IN THE PAST 2600 YEARS

Shi Changxing,Xu Jiaqiang,Guo Lipeng,Zhang Luan.SEDIMENTATION IN THE LOWER REACHES AND SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE UPPER AND MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YELLOW RIVER IN THE PAST 2600 YEARS[J].Quaternary Sciences,2009,29(1):116-125.

Authors:	Shi Changxing Xu Jiaqiang Guo Lipeng Zhang Luan

Institution:	Key Laboratory of Water Cycle &\|Related Land Surface Processes\|Chinese Academy Sciences\|Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research\|Chinese Academy of Sciences\|Beijing100101； \|Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences\|Beijing100049

Abstract:	Mainly based on sedimentary data from 93 boreholes， 182 radiocarbon dates in the North China Plain，and hydrological measurements as well as on previously published data on the thickness of deposition in the modern Yellow River delta，the historical changes of the lower Yellow River channel and the coastlines of the Bohai and Yellow Seas，we estimated the distribution and thickness of sediment accumulated in the lower Yellow River in five periods including 602BC～11A.D，11～1034A.D.，1034～1128A.D.，1128～1855A.D.，and after 1855.The volumes of sediment accumulated on the alluvial fans and plains of the lower Yellow River were estimated to be 3.89×10^8t/a，2.24×10^8t/a，6.63×10^8t/a，6.78×10^8t/a，8.47×10^8t/a，respectively in these five periods. Using the results of sediment load of the Yellow River and the distribution of sediment accumulation in the lower Yellow River after 1855，considering the forming processes of the Yellow River delta during 1128～1855A.D.，the sediment delivery ratio of the lower Yellow River was estimated for different situations without or with artificial levees and with different frequencies of levee breakings. Thereupon，the mean annual sediment outputs from the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River were calculated to be 6.2×10^8t/a, 6.8×10^8t/a，8.3×10^8t/a，11.5×10^8t/a，15.3×10^8t/a，respectively，in the five periods. This means that the sediment output from the upper and middle Yellow River increased slowly before Song Dynasty of China，but was lower than half of the current value on average. It was in the recent about 1000 years that the sediment output from the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River experienced an accelerated escalation. The Loess Plateau is the principal sediment source of the Yellow River. This study reveals that the changes in sediment yield from the plateau could be attributed mainly to human activities and climate changes on the plateau. The lowest sedimentation rate in the lower Yellow River during the period of 11～1034A.D.provides a good reason for the occurrence of the 600year stable or inactive period of the lower Yellow River after the year 69A.D.when the lower Yellow River channel was trained under the command of the ancient governor Wang Jing. 

Keywords:	Yellow  River sediment accumulation sediment delivery ratio soil erosion sediment yield
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