Analysis of non climatic origins of floods in the downstream part of the Kura River,Azerbaijan |
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| Authors: | R K Abbasov R N Mahmudov |
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| Institution: | (1) Environmental Research Center, Khazar University, 11 Mehseti Street 370096, Baku, Azerbaijan;(2) Hydrometeorology Research Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology, H. Aliyev 50, 1154 Baku, Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract: | Over the past century, there is an increased contribution of non climatic factors to the flood formation processes in the
Kura River. Non climatic factors of floods refer to factors that are related to reductions in channel capacity and result
in floods. More recently, there are numerous non climatic factors occurring in and around the Kura River basin that have increased
the frequency of floods. Sediment accumulation in the riverbed over a long period of time has led to the reduction of channel
capacity and has raised the elevation of the riverbed above the surrounding territory. It is illustrated that construction
of dykes and levees do not actually prevent flooding, where hydrologic connections between groundwater and surface water are
high, since infiltrated waters from channel results in raising of ground waters, causing an effect of “underground flood.”
Since underground floods occur when water going from channels raises the level of ground waters, there is an urgent need to
carefully investigate the groundwater–surface water connections. With the purpose of predicting floods, the authors suggest
defining maximal acceptable flows (MAFs) rather than channel capacities. Results show that high rates of hydraulic conductivity
of soils will decrease MAF rates. MAF computations before high-water season allow for further regulation of outlets further
downstream in order to prevent flooding and enable flood forecasting. While the study focuses on a specific region, the overall
approach suggested is generic and may be applied elsewhere. |
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| Keywords: | Flood Sedimentation State– discharge curves Hydraulic conductivity Channel capacity Maximum acceptable flow |
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