Implementing low-cost landslide risk reduction: a pilot study in unplanned housing areas of the Caribbean |
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| Authors: | Malcolm Anderson Liz Holcombe Rob Flory Jean-Philippe Renaud |
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| Institution: | (1) Pro Vice-Chancellor’s Office, Senate House, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK;(2) School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK |
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| Abstract: | Landslides pose a serious physical and environmental threat to vulnerable communities living in areas of unplanned housing
on steep slopes in the Caribbean. Some of these communities have, in the past, had to be relocated, at costs of millions of
dollars, because of major slides triggered by tropical storm rainfall. Even so, evidence shows that: (1) risk reduction is
a marginal activity; (2) there has been minimal uptake of hazard maps and vulnerability assessments and (3) there is little
on-the-ground delivery of construction for risk reduction. This article directly addresses these issues by developing a low-cost
approach to the identification of the potential pore pressure changes that trigger such slides we seek to address these three
commentaries directly. A complex 45–60° slope site in St Lucia, West Indies was selected as a pilot for a modelling approach
that uses numerical models (FLAC and CHASM) to verify the need for surface water management to effectively reduce landslide
risk. Following the model confirmation, a series of drains were designed and constructed at the site. Post-construction evidence
indicates the methodology to be sound, in that the site was stable in subsequent 1-in-1 to 1-in-4 year rainfall events. A
critical feature of the approach is that it is community-based from data acquisition through to community members participating
in construction. |
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| Keywords: | Slope stability Landslide risk reduction Unplanned housing Pore pressure Community-based risk reduction |
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