| "地下水科学与工程"学科形成的历史沿革及其发展前景 |
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| 引用本文： | 林学钰."地下水科学与工程"学科形成的历史沿革及其发展前景[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(2):209-215. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林学钰 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林大学,水资源与环境研究所/环境与资源学院,长春,130026;北京师范大学,水科学研究院,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)
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面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划(985计划)
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吉林省吉林大学校科研和教改项目
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吉林省水资源与水环境重点实验室(原地质矿产部水资源评价与管理系列模型开放研究实验室)资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 人类由逐水而居到凿井取用地下水是人类文明史的一大转折。和地表水相比,地下水具有分布广泛、水质良好、变化稳定、便于利用、不容易受污染等优点,因此它是理想的供水水源。地下水本身既是人类生存不可或缺的重要资源,同时也是一种地质营力、信息载体、生态环境因子和灾害因子。因此开展地下水的形成、赋存、运动规律的研究,以及合理开发、利用的工程技术、布局设计和实施等水文地质研究是一门关系到人类生活、社会需求和发展的重要学科。笔者着重论述了“地下水科学与工程”学科形成的历史是和人类社会的诞生、繁衍和发展紧密相关的。随着科学进步和国民经济的发展,该学科已从原来的基础学科逐渐向应用基础学科和应用学科相结合的方向发展。因此,今后在加强水文地质基础研究的同时,还应该十分重视满足国民经济需求和面向市场应用的研究。最后,从世界面临严重缺水和水污染的现实、科学发展的必然和国际学术组织和学者对地下水学科的重视,以及当前人才市场对该学科人才需求等方面指出,21世纪“地下水科学与工程”学科的发展具有很大的空间和十分广阔的前景。
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| 关 键 词： | 水文地质 地下水科学与工程 学科发展的历史沿革 水资源短缺和环境恶化 |
| 文章编号： | 1671-5888（2007）02-0209-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-12-10 |
Historical Change and Prospect of Discipline Development of "Groundwater Science and Engineering" |
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| LIN Xue-yu.Historical Change and Prospect of Discipline Development of "Groundwater Science and Engineering"[J].Journal of Jilin Unviersity:Earth Science Edition,2007,37(2):209-215. |
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| Authors: | LIN Xue-yu |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Water Resources and Environment/College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University ,Changchun 130026 ,China ;2. College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | As we know,man can not subsist without water.This is a great turn in human civil history from mankind moving from place to place in search of water to digging well for groundwater utilization.Groundwater is an ideal water supply source because of its extensive distribution,good quality,steady regime,convenient for use and not easy for suffering from contamination etc.as compared with surface water.Groundwater is also a geological motive power,information carrier and factors of eco-environment and disasters.Study on hydrogeology,including the law of groundwater formation,occurrence,engineering technique of groundwater exploitation and utilization,is the major contents of the discipline.Therefore,"Groundwater Science and Engineering" is an essential discipline that has a direct bearing on national economy and people's livelihood.The author explicates emphatically that the history of the discipline growth has a close relation with the birth,procreation and development of human society. With the national economy development and scientific progress,the discipline has been developing from basic course into applied basic course and applied course.The applied research for satisfying national economy demand and market requirement must be strengthened while the basic hydrogeology is further studying.Finally,the author confirms that the "Groundwater Science and Engineering" subject has vast vistas because of the facts of water deficiency and contamination in the world,inevitable trend of science development and the imperative need of qualified hydrogeologists from employment market of China. |
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| Keywords: | hydrogeology groundwater science and engineering historical change and development of discipline water deficiency and environmental deterioration |
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