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| 上海旱地农田氮磷随地表径流流失研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 黄宗楚,郑祥民,姚春霞.上海旱地农田氮磷随地表径流流失研究[J].云南地理环境研究,2007,19(1):6-10. |
| 作者姓名： | 黄宗楚 郑祥民 姚春霞 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 上海市,莘格中学,上海,201100 2. 华东师范大学,资源与环境学院,上海,200060 3. 中国科学院,南京土壤研究所,江苏,南京,210008 |
| 基金项目： | 上海市农委重点项目：“上海市郊农田化肥氮磷流失过程定量研究”. |
| 摘 要： | 选择上海宝山罗店镇具有代表性的旱地蔬菜农田生态系统，从2004年3月到8月的近半年时间里，通过对径流及径流中侵蚀泥沙的氮磷流失情况的连续监测，研究了旱地农田施肥与氮磷流失污染之间的关系，探讨了农田氮磷的迁移特征及环境效应，主要结果表明：当季施用化肥的地表径流总流失量，总氮为32．77kg/hm^2，总磷为8．1kg／hm^2，随径流排出农田的氮素中有37．7％是当季施用的氮素化肥，磷素中有26．9％是当季施用的磷素化肥；从过量施肥与环境污染之间的“因”与“果”来看，减量15％施肥区相比常规施肥区的茄子的产量减少2．7％，但是其污染负荷却减少了13．4％，表明在化肥利用的有效性上或增施化肥与控制环境污染之间，应该寻找一个最佳的平衡点。 |
| 关 键 词： | 氮磷流失 地表径流 污染负荷 非点源污染 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-7852（2007）01-0006-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-04-102006-06-12 |
THE STUDY OF NONIRRIGATED FARMLAND NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS LOSS WITH SURFACE RUNOFF IN SHANGHAI |
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| HUANG Zong-chu,ZHENG Xiang-min,YAO Chun-xia.THE STUDY OF NONIRRIGATED FARMLAND NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS LOSS WITH SURFACE RUNOFF IN SHANGHAI[J].Yunnan Geographic Environment Research,2007,19(1):6-10. | |
| Authors: | HUANG Zong-chu ZHENG Xiang-min YAO Chun-xia |
| Institution: | 1.Shanghai Xinge High School, Shanghai 201100, China ;2.ECNU School of Resources and Envionment Science,Shanghai 200062, China; 3.Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Nanjing 210008,Jiangsu, China |
| Abstract: | In a typical farmland ecosystem at Baoshan District,through continuous monitoring of the nitrogen and phosphorus loss of surface runoff,the researchers studied the relation between fertilization and pollution with the nitrogen phosphorus loss from March to August in 2004.They found out the characteristic of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss pollution and probed into the migration way and environmental effect of non-irrigated farmland nitrogen and phosphorus.The main results are as follows: the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus used within the season and discharge from farmland with surface runoff is: total nitrogen 32.77 kg/hm2,total phosphorus 8.1 kg/hm2,which accounts for 37.7% and 26.9% separately in nitrogen and phosphorus loss.From the perspective of causality of excessive fertilization and environmental pollution,the output of eggplants decreased by 2.7% when fertilization decreased by 15% compared with normal amount of fertilization;meanwhile,the load of pollution decreased by 13.4%.It indicates that people need to balance the relation between increasing fertilization and controlling environmental pollution. |
| Keywords: | the loss of Nitrogen and Phosphorus surface runoff load of pollution non-point pollution |
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