The role of local land-use on the urban heat island effect of Tel Aviv as assessed from satellite remote sensing |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Physics Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe;2. Department of Earth Sciences, Institute for “Water” Studies, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa;3. Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe;4. Discipline of Geography, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa;5. Environmental Science and Technology Department, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe;6. Department of Geography, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran;1. Department of Urban Planning and Environmental Policy, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA;2. Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA |
| |
| Abstract: | Climate change in cities has received much focus in the past few decades. Heat stress in urban areas has an adverse effect on human health and is expected to worsen in the future due to the global warming. Vegetation has been shown to mitigate this effect, but introducing ‘green’ areas into the metropolitan space is a challenging task. We assessed the thermal load in terms of surface temperature in Tel Aviv, the biggest metropolitan area of Israel. The thermal effect of four different urban land uses was estimated. Specifically, we compared the cooling effect of residential areas with high vegetation cover (referred here as ‘green’ residential) to that of small to medium size (2–40 ha) public parks. To this end, we used satellite data of land surface temperature (LST) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), as a surrogate for vegetation cover. High-temporal data were combined with high spatial resolutions data to produce 10-year average LST and NDVI maps at high spatial resolution over Tel Aviv. As expected, industrial areas had the highest LST due to lowest ratio of vegetation to free space area (1%), while ‘green’ areas displayed the lowest LST. Green residential and small-medium public parks had comparable thermal loads, with green residential having slightly lower LST (by 0.5 °C). In general, small-medium public parks displayed higher LST than expected. Inefficient use of free spaces for vegetation, i.e., relatively low vegetation cover to free space ratio, was probably the main cause for this. Public parks had a higher local cooling effect, but a less continuous one on the proximate surrounding (30–90 m from the park), probably due to their relative location in the urban fabric. Our results suggest that ‘greening’ areas within the private urban space should be encouraged at the expense of building new small-medium parks in metropolitan areas that lack the sufficient free space for larger parks. The outcome of this study may have key implications for urban planners seeking to mitigate urban heat island effects under the limitation of existing dense urban layout. |
| |
| Keywords: | MODIS NDVI Surface temperature UHI Urban planning Vegetation |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
