Spatial analysis of urban decline: The geography of blight |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Redlands, MS GIS Program, 1200 E. Colton Ave, Box 3080, Redlands, CA 92373, USA;2. Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, SUNY, 105 Wilkeson Quad, Buffalo, NY 14261, USA;1. Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children''s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;2. Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children''s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;3. Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico;1. Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark;2. Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States;3. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States;4. Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States;5. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States;6. General Internal Medicine Section, Department of Veterans Affairs, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States;7. Center of Diagnostic Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA;2. Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA;3. Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA;1. Western Sydney University, 3 rue de Siam, 75116 Paris, France;2. Western Sydney University, 39 Arcadian Rd, Kurrajong, NSW 2758, Australia;3. Université Paris 1 – Panthéon – Sorbonne, Institut de Géographie, 191, rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris, France;4. City and Regional Planning Program, College of Architecture, Planning and Public Affairs, University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-1588, United States;5. Department of Geography, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 29, rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France;6. Department of Spatial Planning and Planning Theory, TU Dortmund University, August-Schmidt-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany;7. Department of Policy Science, Ryukoku University, 67 Fukakusa-Tukamoto, Hushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8577, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Urban studies literature suggests that anti-blight resources are frequently deployed in arbitrary fashions for short-term political objectives, rather than in concentrated, empirically-driven ways intended to manage complex urban problems. This creates an ambiguous and subjective conceptualization of blight in practice, which often leads to mismatches between actual urban conditions and codified public policy targets. Therefore, this research points to the practical need for an operational definition of blight. It is reasonable to assume that focusing anti-blight efforts in spaces identified using empirical data will increase the efficiency of a city's policy efforts. To that end this paper quantifies blight with an approach that is replicable by virtually any city in the United States. We then examine blight patterns for a selected city using spatial clustering methods that highlight areas where policy intervention might be warranted. The findings demonstrate how spatial analysis combined with contextual urban geographic information can assist local policymakers in identifying and understanding the geographies of blight in their municipalities. |
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