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| 欠发达农区家庭贫困的动态转变分析——以河南省为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 蔡磊,罗庆,李孟林.欠发达农区家庭贫困的动态转变分析——以河南省为例[J].地理科学进展,2021,40(3):468-476. |
| 作者姓名： | 蔡磊 罗庆 李孟林 |
| 作者单位： | 1.河南大学环境与规划学院,河南 开封 475004 2.河南财经政法大学资源与环境学院/城乡协调发展河南省协同创新中心,郑州 450046 3.河南省城乡空间数据挖掘院士工作站,郑州 450046 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41771141);国家自然科学基金项目(41771190);国家自然科学基金项目(41801113);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学农户活动与农区发展创新团队支持计划项目(2014-CXTD-07);河南财经政法大学信和·黄廷方青年学者资助计划 |
| 摘 要： | 精准扶贫战略实施以来,以收入标准衡量的农村贫困人口大幅下降,但贫困具有多维性、动态性的特点,开展农户贫困动态变化研究对新时期农村贫困的有效治理具有重要的指导意义。论文基于2010—2018年河南农村固定观察点数据,从收入、生活条件、教育3个维度构建农户多维贫困评价指标体系,并运用马尔科夫概率转移矩阵和面板Logit模型对贫困状态类型转移及家庭陷入贫困的影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明：① 多维贫困比单维贫困(尤其是收入贫困)更能准确反映农区贫困状况;② 2010—2018年间,单维贫困发生率与多维贫困发生率之间差距不断扩大,这很大程度与教育贫困发生率大幅上升,而生活条件贫困、收入教育贫困和三维贫困明显下降有关;③ 单维贫困家庭更易转入教育贫困,多维贫困家庭更容易转入教育生活条件贫困;④ 农户贫困的发生是户主特征、家庭特征和村庄特征共同作用的结果,但不同类型贫困发生的影响因素有显著差异。与单维贫困发生相比,多维贫困发生受到更少因素的显著影响,并且各影响因素的作用更大。上述结论意味着新时期扶贫工作重点转向多维贫困的同时,应依据贫困类型制定具体扶贫措施,尤其重视教育等公共服务的供给。 |
| 关 键 词： | 欠发达地区 农户贫困 动态转变 致贫因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-09-22 |
Dynamic change of household poverty in underdeveloped rural areas:Taking Henan Province as an example |
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| CAI Lei,LUO Qing,LI Menglin.Dynamic change of household poverty in underdeveloped rural areas:Taking Henan Province as an example[J].Progress in Geography,2021,40(3):468-476. | |
| Authors: | CAI Lei LUO Qing LI Menglin |
| Institution: | 1. College of Envirnment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China 2. School of Resources and Environment / Collaborative Innovation Center of Urban-Rural Coordinated Development, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou 450046, China 3. Academician Laboratory for Urban and Rural Spatial Data Mining, Zhengzhou 450046, China |
| Abstract: | Since the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, rural poor population measured by the income standard has declined significantly, but rural poverty has multidimensional and dynamic characteristics. It is of great significance to carry out research on the dynamic change of rural poverty for its effective governance in the new era. Based on the data of fixed observation points in rural areas of Henan Province from 2010 to 2018, this study constructed a multidimensional poverty evaluation index system for rural households from three dimensions—income, living conditions, and education—and used Markov Transition Probability Matrix and Panel Logit Model to make an empirical analysis on poverty type transfer and the influencing factors of households falling into poverty. The results show that: 1) Multidimensional poverty is more accurate than single-dimensional poverty, especially income poverty, in reflecting the state of rural poverty. 2) The gap between the incidence of single-dimensional poverty and multidimensional poverty is widening from 2010 to 2018, which is largely related to the rise of the incidence of education poverty, and the decline of education-living condition poverty, income-education poverty, and three-dimensional poverty. 3) Single-dimensional poor households are more likely to turn into education poverty households, and multidimensional poor households are more likely to turn into education and living condition poverty. 4) The occurrence of rural household poverty is the result of the interaction of the characteristics of household head, family, and village, but the influencing factors of different types of poverty are significantly different. Compared with the occurrence of single-dimensional poverty, the occurrence of multidimensional poverty is significantly affected by fewer factors, and the influence of each factor is greater. The above conclusion indicates that along with the shift of focus of poverty alleviation in the new era to multidimensional poverty, specific poverty alleviation measures should be formulated according to the types of poverty, especially with a focus on the provision of public services such as education. |
| Keywords: | underdeveloped areas rural households' poverty change of poverty status poverty factors |
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