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| 河南省碳源碳汇的时空变化研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 王喜,鲁丰先,秦耀辰,孙艳芳.河南省碳源碳汇的时空变化研究[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(8):941-951. |
| 作者姓名： | 王喜 鲁丰先 秦耀辰 孙艳芳 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,河南大学环境与规划学院,河南 开封 475004 2. 中原经济区“三化”协调发展河南省协同创新中心,郑州 450046 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41171438);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB955804) |
| 摘 要： | 碳源、碳汇是影响低碳发展的重要因素,由其形成的碳盈亏是区域低碳经济发展战略及政策制定的重要依据。本文基于能源消耗数据、主要工业产品产量,参考IPCC的碳排放标准,结合其他相关研究,计算了河南省能源消耗及水泥、钢铁、合成氨生产过程中产生的碳排放;在对研究区遥感影像处理的基础上,通过归一化植被指数(NDVI),将河南省的碳汇分为耕地、林地和草地,根据各种植被的碳排放和碳吸收系数,计算了河南省的碳汇及其变化,并对碳盈亏及其空间变化进行分析。结果表明：①研究期内,河南省碳排放及人均碳排放呈上升趋势,碳排放总量及人均碳排放年均分别增长11.22%和10.72%,而且空间差异明显,豫西、豫北、豫中地区人均碳排放相对较高,而豫南、豫东南地区则相对较低。②能源消耗是河南省的主要碳源,其碳排放量呈逐年增加趋势,但所占比重在不断下降;水泥、钢铁是除能源消耗外的另一种主要的排放源,其碳排放量及所占比重则呈逐年上升趋势。③河南省碳汇主要以林地和耕地为主,草地所占比重很小;全省碳汇呈减少趋势,2005-2013年期间减少了7.40%(47.05万t),年均减少5.88万t。④河南省总体上呈现碳亏状态,研究期内碳亏呈增长趋势,且碳亏的地区数量也在增加,总的来看,豫南、豫东南、豫西地区处于碳盈或弱碳亏状态,豫中及豫北地区处于较严重的碳亏状态。⑤河南省应通过改善能源结构、调整产业结构、优化用地布局等措施,减少碳源,增加碳汇,通过区域碳补偿或生态补偿等手段鼓励碳盈地区减源增汇,为低碳发展创造良好的外部环境。 |
| 关 键 词： | 碳源 碳汇 碳盈亏 时空变化 河南省 |
Spatial and temporal changes of carbon sources and sinks in Henan Province |
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| Xi WANG,Fengxian LU,Yaochen QIN,Yanfang SUN.Spatial and temporal changes of carbon sources and sinks in Henan Province[J].Progress in Geography,2016,35(8):941-951. | |
| Authors: | Xi WANG Fengxian LU Yaochen QIN Yanfang SUN |
| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle & Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China 2. Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Coordinating Industrialization, Urbanization and Agriculture Modernization in Central Economic Zone, Zhengzhou 450046, China |
| Abstract: | Carbon sources and sinks are key factors for low-carbon development. Carbon surplus and deficit caused by carbon sources and sinks is the basis for formulating low-carbon development strategy and policy. Based on energy consumption data, output of key industrial products, and the IPCC standard of carbon emissions, and using the results of other research, carbon sources from energy consumption and the productive process of cement, steel, and synthetic ammonia are calculated for Henan Province. On the basis of remote sensing image analysis, carbon sinks are divided into arable land, forest, and grassland. According to the carbon emission coefficient and carbon absorption coefficient and the amount of carbon sources and sinks , the spatial and temporal variation of carbon surplus and deficit are calculated and analyzed. Through the research, we reached the following conclusion: (1) Carbon emissions and per capita carbon emission in Henan Province showed a rising trend from 2005 to 2013, and the average annual growth rates were 11.22% and 10.72%, respectively. The spatial variation was also clear. Per capita carbon emissions for the western, northern, and central areas of Henan Province were relatively high, but were relatively low in the southern and southeastern areas. (2) Energy consumption was the key carbon source in Henan Province. Carbon emissions from energy consumption showed a gradually rising trend, but its share in total carbon emissions was decreasing. Cement and steel productions were another important source of carbon emissions. The related carbon emissions and share in total carbon emissions showed a gradually increasing trend. The emissions and share of ammonia production were relatively low. (3) Carbon sinks in Henan Province are mainly composed of arable land and forest, and the proportion of grassland is very low. Carbon sinks in Henan Province decreased from 6384.83 million tons to 6337.78 million tons from 2005 to 2013, with an average annual reduction rate of 5.88 million tons. This was primarily due to nonagricultural construction that converted part of the arable land and forest land into built-up areas. (4) Overall Henan Province was in a carbon deficit state. From 2005 to 2013, both the size of carbon deficit and the number of areas with carbon deficit status were increasing. The southeastern and western regions of Henan Province were in a carbon surplus or low deficit state, while other regions were in a carbon deficit state. (5) To facilitate low-carbon development, improving energy structure, adjusting industrial structure, and optimizing land use to reduce carbon sources and add carbon sinks should be promoted in Henan Province. |
| Keywords: | carbon source carbon sink carbon surplus and deficit spatiotemporal change Henan Province |
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