Causes, effects and control of seasonal frost action in railways |
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| Authors: | Antti Nurmikolu and Mika Silvast |
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| Institution: | Professor of Railway Track Structures, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland;Director of Railway Division, Roadscanners Oy, Tampere, Finland |
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| Abstract: | Seasonally cold climate and resulting frost action set great demands to railway track substructure in order to maintain track geometry. Challenges
culminate on high-speed lines, where the tolerances for roughness are the tightest. Problems may result in highly increased track
maintenance and need for temporary speed restrictions. The causes of frost action can be associated with subsoil, subballast or ballast. The
major concern in frost protection is to avoid the freezing of frost susceptible subsoil by using sufficient thickness of subballast and relying on
non-frost-susceptible subballast material. This paper provides an overview of the main research findings on the role of ballast, subballast and
subsoil in frost action. In new construction the material specifications, design procedures and construction methods have been developed to
ensure adequate performance of track substructures, but special challenges exist in managing existing tracks that were not designed for
modern requirements. In order to perform cost-effective and sustainable track maintenance, it is necessary to recognize the problem areas and
define the root-causes of problems. For locating the problem sections and defining the causes of defects, a sophisticated analysis based on
integration of track geometry and ground penetrating radar (GPR) data has been developed and is summarized in this paper. |
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| Keywords: | frost action railway track ballast subballast subsoil frost susceptibility ground penetrating radar track geometry track
maintenance |
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