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| 北极地区地缘经济关系演变研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 叶滨鸿,程杨,王利,李东晔,杨林生.北极地区地缘经济关系演变研究[J].世界地理研究,2021,30(2):234-244. |
| 作者姓名： | 叶滨鸿 程杨 王利 李东晔 杨林生 |
| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学地理科学学部，北京 100875 福建省厦门第一中学，福建 厦门 361003 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室，北京 100101 南京师范大学地理科学学院，南京 210023 中国科学院大学，北京 100049 |
| 基金项目： | 云南师范大学中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心开放课题(230200043);中国科学院先导专项(XDA19070502);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2017-4) |
| 摘 要： | 在气候变化的背景下，北极地区的战略地位不断提升，北极事务正深刻地影响着世界格局的演变。以北极8国为基础，进一步考虑北极理事会13个观察员国的影响，基于2001、2006、2011和2016年的GDP和贸易额数据，采用社会网络分析方法，结合贸易依存度和进出口位次分析，全面地揭示北极地区地缘经济关系的演变特征。研究表明：2001—2016年北极地区地缘经济关系先走向紧密，而后有所减弱；不同国家的地缘经济地位和影响力存在显著差异，双边存在不对等的贸易关系，具有明显的“核心-外围-边缘”的特征。美加双边贸易流尤为显著，占到北极国家间贸易流的70%以上；在美加双边关系上，加拿大对美国经济高度依赖，美国拥有充分的主导权；瑞典、丹麦、挪威和芬兰在地区内具有重要的地缘经济影响力，而冰岛和格陵兰地区则长期处于贸易网络的边缘地带，但二者都具有极其重要的地理位置，应引起重视；在北极地区地缘经济关系中，俄罗斯的经济影响力并未与其国际政治地位相匹配，拥有巨大的经贸潜力。德国、英国、法国、日本、意大利、荷兰和中国都是对北极地区地缘经济有显著影响的国家。以中国为代表的新兴经济体的地缘影响力在不断扩大，而一些传统经济大国的地缘经济优势呈不同程度的减弱趋势。总体来说，近年来北极地区的地缘经济关系基本格局并未发生本质变化。 |
| 关 键 词： | 地缘经济 经济相互依赖 社会网络分析 北极地区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-12-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-05-05 |
The geo-economics relationship in the Arctic Region |
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| Binhong YE,Yang CHENG,Li WANG,Dongye LI,Linsheng YANG.The geo-economics relationship in the Arctic Region[J].World Regional Studies,2021,30(2):234-244. | |
| Authors: | Binhong YE Yang CHENG Li WANG Dongye LI Linsheng YANG |
| Institution: | Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Xiamen No. 1 High School of Fujian, Xiamen 361003, China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
| Abstract: | With the impact of climate change,Arctic Region has aroused extensive concerns worldwide. Based on the GDP and trade value (US$) data in 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, this paper used economic interdependence index, trade status and social network analysis including network density, centrality and PageRank to analyze the geo-economics relationship of Arctic States and regions, considering influence of 13 observers of Arctic Council. Results show that trade flows among Arctic States and regions increased first and decreased afterwards during 2001-2016.The status and influence significantly varied from economy to economy with the unequal relationship in bilateral trade.Geo-economics relationship showed the core-periphery-edge pattern in past few years.Bilateral trade flow between USA and Canada is particularly significant, accounting for more than 70% of inter-Arctic trade flows.In terms of bilateral relations,USA has prominent dominance as Canada is highly dependent on USA economy.Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland have important geo-economics influence in the Arctic Region, while Iceland and Greenland have been at the edge positions all the time, however their important geographical locations play a significant role in Arctic affairs, which cannot be ignored. In the geo-economics relationship, performance of Russian Federation doesn't match with its status as a significant international political power, but it has huge potential in economic trade.German, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, Italy, Netherlands and China are countries with significant influence on geo-economics relationship in Arctic Region.Influence of emerging economies represented by China have been enhanced in Arctic Region. In contrast, some traditional economic powers such as United Kingdom, France, Japan, Italy, Canada and Spain were weakening in some degrees. The geo-economics pattern, however, has not been fundamentally changed yet. |
| Keywords: | geo-economics economic interdependence SNA the Arctic Region |
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