| 基于锚系观测的北冰洋加拿大海盆中层水变化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王佳彬,高郭平,程灵巧,徐婷.基于锚系观测的北冰洋加拿大海盆中层水变化研究[J].极地研究,2016,28(3):336-345. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王佳彬 高郭平 程灵巧 徐婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院海洋科学与技术系，上海 201306;
2. 上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续利用省部共建教育部重点实验室，上海 201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)全球变化重大科学研究计划项目(2015CB953902)、国家自然科学基金(41276197)、国家海洋局“南北极环境综合考察与评估”专项(CHINARE 2014-03-01)、上海市曙光人才计划和上海市科委浦江计划(12PJ1404100)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 20世纪90年代以来，北极进入了以海冰快速减少为显著特征的快速变化时期。通过分析“波弗特流涡观测计划”在北冰洋加拿大海盆的4个站点上布放剖面观测系统所获得的2003—2011年的温度、盐度剖面观测数据，研究了加拿大海盆北极中层水的变化特征。在观测期间，加拿大海盆中央区中层水核心温度变化较小，楚科奇海台地区有明显下降特征，海盆中央区以北以及加拿大群岛陆坡边缘区核心温度呈持续升高趋势。北极中层水核心深度在4个站点都有不同程度的加深趋势，加深的程度和参与分析的表层淡水含量以及因海冰消失导致的风应力变化有一定的对应特征。4个站点表层(75—200 m)的热含量在无冰海域有明显的增长，在有冰海域热含量较稳定；加拿大海盆200—400 m和400—800 m深度范围内的热含量变化情况与中层水核心深度的变化情况一致，伴随着中层水核心深度加深至400 m乃至更深处，中层水的能量也逐渐下移，造成200—400 m水层能量普遍降低而400—800 m水层能量普遍增加。加拿大海盆4个观测站点因背景环境条件和所受影响的不同，造成了中层水的变化和响应趋势的差异。
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| 关 键 词： | 加拿大海盆 中层水 核心温度和深度 淡水含量 热含量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-02-09 |
A Mooring System Based Study on the Multi-Year Variations of Intermediate Atlantic Water in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean |
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| Abstract: | Since the 1990s, the Arctic marine environment has entered a period of rapid change characterized by a significant reduction of sea ice. Here, we examined changes in the upper ocean of the Canada Basin during this period. Temperature and salinity profile data were obtained from four mooring systems of the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project, which were deployed in the Canada Basin from 2003 to 2011. These data were used to analyze the characteristics of intermediate Atlantic Water in the Canada Basin. During the period of observation, the Atlantic Water core temperature remained steady in the central Canada Basin, decreased significantly on the Chukchi Plateau, and increased continuously to the north of the central basin region and the Canadian Archipelago slope break. The corresponding Atlantic Water core depths increased to different extents, and was primarily influenced by different surface fresh water contents and changes of wind stress due to melting sea ice. The surface heat content (75—200 m depth) of the four stations increased significantly in ice-free areas, while remaining stable in sea ice areas. Heat content changes at 200—400 m and 400—800 m depths are consistent with the changes of the Atlantic water core depth. When the Atlantic water core depth reached 400 m or greater, the heat content decreased between 200—400 m and increased between 400—800 m. Although the four stations are all located in the Canada Basin, the mechanisms responsible for the changes of the intermediate Atlantic Water differ to each other. |
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| Keywords: | Canada basin Intermediate Atlantic water Core temperature and depth Fresh water content Heat content |
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