| 向极跨越70°N气旋的主要特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴静,高郭平,徐飞翔,张春玲.向极跨越70°N气旋的主要特征分析[J].极地研究,2018,30(4):391-405. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴静 高郭平 徐飞翔 张春玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 上海海洋大学;
2. 上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划(2015CB953901)、国家自然科学基金 (41276197)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 北极地区以南生成并向北移动进入极区的气旋,在移动发展过程中常伴随大风、降水和升温等过程,对中低纬度地区物质和热量向极地输送起着重要作用,并对极区大气、海洋和海冰的变化产生一定影响。基于欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)发布的1979—2015年的海平面气压再分析数据产品,利用气旋自动识别和追踪算法,开展气旋的识别和追踪,获得向极跨越70°N气旋的数量、强度、活动轨迹及北向运动纬距等主要特征如下:该类气旋在数量上,春、冬季多于夏、秋季,年总数量和春、秋、冬季均呈减少趋势;强气旋易发于冬季,弱气旋多发于夏季;该类气旋活动轨迹,冬季集中分布在海上,夏季在陆地上;该类气旋北向运动纬距整体平均为9.2°,冬季平均最大,为10.2°,夏季平均最小,为7.3°;在年际变化上,年平均和春、冬季平均呈增长趋势,夏、秋季平均呈减少趋势;在年代际变化上,年平均和夏、冬季平均从1979—1988年到1989—1998年阶段都是减小的,到1999—2008年阶段是增大的,其后再减小,春、秋季则无明显趋势变化。
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| 关 键 词： | 北极 气旋 跨越70°N 北向运动 主要特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-03-05 |
Main features of cyclones migrating into the Arctic via 70°N |
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| Wu Jing,Gao Guoping,Xu Feixiang,Zhang Chunling.Main features of cyclones migrating into the Arctic via 70°N[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,2018,30(4):391-405. |
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| Authors: | Wu Jing Gao Guoping Xu Feixiang Zhang Chunling |
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| Abstract: | Cyclones generated south of the Arctic and migrating northward into the polar region are often accompanied by strong wind, precipitation and warming events during their development and migration. These cyclones transport heat and matter from mid-low to high latitudes, impacting the atmosphere, ocean, and sea ice in the polar region. An automatic cyclone recognition and tracking algorithm based on mean sea level pressure was used to automatically identify and track cyclones passing through the 70°N latitude from the south to the north. We found there were more cyclones in spring and winter than in summer and autumn. The annual number of cyclones decreased. Decreasing trends were also found in the numbers of cyclones in spring, autumn and winter. Strong cyclones were likely to occur in winter and weak cyclones occurred frequently in summer. Cyclone trajectories concentrated over the ocean in winter and over land in summer. The cyclones travel northward over an average span of 9.2° in latitude. Winter cyclones traveled over an average of 10.2°, while summer cyclones traveled over an average of 7.3° in latitude. On the interannual scale, the annual averaged northward range in latitude increased over our study period. The range in spring and winter also increased, while the range in summer and autumn decreased. On the interdecadal scale, the annual averaged northward range, as well as the ranges in summer and winter de-creased from 1979–1988 to 1989–1998. They increased between 1999–2008, and decreased again after 2008. In contrast, no clear trends were detected for spring and autumn. |
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| Keywords: | Arctic cyclones passing through 70°N northward migration main features |
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