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| "一带一路"沿线国家或地区人才流动网络结构演化 | |
| 引用本文： | 侯纯光,杜德斌,段德忠,桂钦昌,焦美琪."一带一路"沿线国家或地区人才流动网络结构演化[J].地理科学,2019,39(11):1711-1718. |
| 作者姓名： | 侯纯光 杜德斌 段德忠 桂钦昌 焦美琪 |
| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院/华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200062;华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院,上海200062;华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院/华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200062;华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院,上海200062;华东师范大学"一带一路"与全球发展研究院,上海200062;华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院/华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200062;华东师范大学"一带一路"与全球发展研究院,上海200062;华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院/华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海,200062 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）(XDA20100311);华东师范大学优秀博士生学术创新能力提升计划项目(YBNLTS2019-033);华东师范大学“一带一路”与全球发展研究院专项课题资助(ECNU-BRGD-201807) |
| 摘 要： | 基于高等学校留学生流动数据,构建加权有向网络模型,对2000~2015年“一带一路”沿线国家或地区人才流动网络结构演化进行研究。主要结论如下：① 沿线人才流动网络规模迅速扩大,人才流动的数量和路径在迅速增加。② 沿线人才流动网络呈“由中向西,自南到北”的空间格局特征,中亚地区的留学生主要向西流向俄罗斯、乌克兰等国,东南亚和南亚地区的留学生主要向北流向中国内地。③ 沿线人才流动网络分化为独联体社团、中国东盟社团、西亚北非社团、中东欧社团、南亚社团等5个社团。④ 中国内地和俄罗斯处于沿线人才流动网络的核心位置,东南亚、西亚和东欧部分国家处于边缘地带。 |
| 关 键 词： | 人才流动网络 留学生 空间格局" 一带一路" |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-01-14 |
The Evolution of the Network Structure of Talent Mobility in Countries or Regions Along the “Belt and Road” |
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| Hou Chunguang,Du Debin,Duan Dezhong,Gui Qinchang,Jiao Meiqi.The Evolution of the Network Structure of Talent Mobility in Countries or Regions Along the “Belt and Road”[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2019,39(11):1711-1718. | |
| Authors: | Hou Chunguang Du Debin Duan Dezhong Gui Qinchang Jiao Meiqi |
| Institution: | 1.Institute for Global Innovation and Development/School of Urban and Regional Science/East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China 2.National Institutes of Educational Policy Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China 3.ECNU Institute of Belt and Road & Global Development, Shanghai 200062, China; |
| Abstract: | High-quality talents are reshaping the world economic landscape by transcending geographic flows and driving global innovative activities. Under the background of globalization and profound changes in international geopolitics, the ‘Belt and Road’ has become the general program of China’s opening up and foreign cooperation. Talents are the key to advancing the strategy of ‘Belt and Road’. The number of international student mobility along the ‘Belt and Road (B&R)’ has increased rapidly from 13.2×10 4 persons in 2000 to 104×10 4 persons in 2015. The significant increase of flows means a broader and more complex network of political and economic relationships. The concept of ‘talent’ is relatively broad, including scientists, scholars, engineers, artists, entrepreneurs, college students and so on. The ‘talent’ mentioned in this article are international students receiving international higher education. In the era of knowledge economy, studying abroad has become an important part of international talent flow and a necessary process for countries to cultivate international talents. Compared with international students, other types of talents have smaller international mobility and lack of formal statistical data. Based on the data of international students mobility in universities published by UNESCO, this article uses the complex network method to construct a weighted directed network, combining with GIS spatial analysis methods to study the evolution of the network structure of talent flows in B&R countries or regions from 2000 to 2015. Limited to data collection, the data of China do not include the data of Taiwan. The results show that: 1) The average weighted degree of talent flow networks in B&R countries or regions increases rapidly from 2 001 to 15 338. And the number of paths increases from 674 to 1 860, which indicates that not only does the number of mobile talents in the network continues to increase, but also does the number of talent paths. Meanwhile, the network scale expands rapidly as well. 2) The geospatial pattern of the network of talent flows in B&R countries or regions is ‘from middle to west, from south to north’. Students in central Asia mainly flow westward to Russia, Ukraine, while students in Southeast and South Asia mainly flow northward to China. As a result, the network center gradually shifts from West to East. 3) The network of talent flows in B&R countries or regions has prominent community structure characteristics. The characteristics can be divided into 5 associations: The CIS Association, the China ASEAN Association, the West Asian North African Association, the Middle East European Association and the South Asian Association. 4) The network of talent flows in B&R countries or regions has a significant core-edge structure characteristics, China and Russia are at the core position, and some countries in southeast, Western and Eastern Europe are in the edge position. This article proposes suggestions for B&R talent training from perspective of the core countries, formulating regional talent exchange strategies, improving the quality of higher education, and implementing the international talent training mechanism of ‘internal and external circulation’. |
| Keywords: | talent mobility network international students spatial pattern the ‘Belt and Road’ |
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