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| 通勤时间、社区活动对社区社会资本的影响：基于北京26个社区的调查研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 李春江,张艳,刘志林,柴彦威.通勤时间、社区活动对社区社会资本的影响：基于北京26个社区的调查研究[J].地理科学,2021,41(9):1606-1614. |
| 作者姓名： | 李春江 张艳 刘志林 柴彦威 |
| 作者单位： | 1.北京大学城市与环境学院，北京 100871 2.北京联合大学北京学研究所，北京 100191 3.清华大学公共管理学院，北京 100084 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41771185);国家自然科学基金项目(42071203);国家自然科学基金项目(42071208);北京市高层次创新创业人才支持计划青年拔尖人才项目(2017000026833ZK15) |
| 摘 要： | 城市扩张和郊区化显著增加居民的通勤时间，减少居民在社区内及周边开展的日常活动，进而可能对居民的社区社会资本产生消极影响。基于2017年北京市26个社区居民的社区融合与活动日志问卷调查数据，通过构建结构方程模型，探讨通勤时间、社区活动对社区社会资本的影响机制。结果发现，控制居民社会经济属性和社区区位后，长时间通勤会减少居民在社区及周边1 000 m范围内开展的活动，并进一步对社区社交网络结构、社会信任和共同价值等社区社会资本的不同维度产生负面影响。此外，社区活动中社交娱乐活动的中介效应显著，而个人和家庭事务活动中介效应不显著。最后，证实了促进职住平衡、减少职住分离的规划政策对于增加居民社区活动及培育社区社会资本的重要意义。 |
| 关 键 词： | 通勤时间 社区社会资本 社区活动 中介效应 社区生活圈 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-08-22 |
The Influence of Commute Duration and Community Activities on Community Social Capital:A Study Based on 26 Communities Survey in Beijing |
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| Li Chunjiang,Zhang Yan,Liu Zhilin,Chai Yanwei.The Influence of Commute Duration and Community Activities on Community Social Capital:A Study Based on 26 Communities Survey in Beijing[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2021,41(9):1606-1614. | |
| Authors: | Li Chunjiang Zhang Yan Liu Zhilin Chai Yanwei |
| Institution: | 1. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2. Institute of Beijing Studies, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, China 3. School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
| Abstract: | Urban expansion and suburbanization sharply increase residents’ commute duration, reduce opportunities of community participation, and then reduce community social capital. Previous research has found that commute duration is negatively associated with social activity, social participation and social trust in western cites. However, existing research lacks the direct evidence on the mechanism of the influence of daily activity system on community social capital. Furthermore, few studies conducted in Chinese cities. During the fast urbanization and huge transition process from danwei to neighborhoods in China, similar problems of home-work separation, long commuting and decreased social capital have also appeared in Chinese communities. Therefore, based on the 2017 social cohesion and activity diary survey in 26 communities in Beijing, this study explored the influence mechanism of commute burden and community activities on community social capital through structure equation model (SEM). Community social capital was measured by community social network structure and social trust and mutual value. Community activities were measured by whether respondents had out-home non-work activities within community life circles (1 000 m buffer). They were further divided into two categories, personal and family-related affairs and social and recreational activities. SEM was employed to testify the assumption that commute duration has negative influence on community social capital, through the mediating effect of community activities. Socio-economic status, housing tenure and housing source, as well as community location, were used as exogenous variables to control the SEM. The results showed: 1) Long commute duration was found to negatively relate to activities conducted within community circles, and then negatively influence community social network and further perceived social trust and common value. 2) The role of different types of activities within community life circles is different: the mediating effect of social and recreational activities were significant while personal and family-related affairs had no significance. 3) Young, highly-educated and high-income residents, as well those with shorter length of residence and living in suburban communities have more commute burden, less community activities and lower community social capital. This study has proved the influence mechanism that commute burden has negative influence on community social capital through the mediating effect of community activities. The result reflects the social effects of individual daily activity system. Hence, jobs-housing balance can not only reduce vehicle travels and transportation carbon emissions, but also benefit community social construction through increasing community activities. In addition, to improve the quality of life of residents through community life circles should not be limited to the improvement of the built environment and service facilities, but should start from the residents’ daily activity-travel system and improve the overall activity arrangement, including jobs-housing relationships. |
| Keywords: | commute duration community social capital community activities mediating effect community life circle |
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