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| 长三角城市群城镇化与生态环境质量优化研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 黄莘绒,管卫华,陈明星,胡昊宇.长三角城市群城镇化与生态环境质量优化研究[J].地理科学,2021,41(1):64-73. |
| 作者姓名： | 黄莘绒 管卫华 陈明星 胡昊宇 |
| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101 2.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院，北京 100049 3.南京师范大学地理科学学院，江苏 南京 210043 4.北京大学城市与环境学院，北京 100871 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目;教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目 |
| 摘 要： | 以2003—2016年的长三角城市群26个城市为研究对象，分析长三角城镇化和生态环境的时空变化特征，运用STIRPAT模型探讨城镇化对生态环境影响。结果表明:① 2003—2016年，长三角城镇化与生态环境质量均有提升，且城镇化水平的地区差异大于生态环境质量。长三角形成以上海、南京和杭州为中心的城镇化水平高值集聚，生态环境质量整体提升明显且空间差异小。② 长三角城镇化明显改善本城市生态环境质量，对相邻城市的生态环境质量有一定的负面影响。对本城市而言，多维的城镇化从人口、经济、土地、社会层面疏解生态环境压力，加强生态环境治理，优化提升生态环境质量。以人口集聚和结构优化为特征的人口城镇化，促进消耗集中、排放集中，提升了资源使用效率和污染治理效率。以产业集聚和经济发展为特征的经济城镇化，通过产业集中布局和创造经济效益，在资源配置和污染治理上发挥集聚效应，并为生态环境改善提供资金支持。对相邻城市而言，城市的城镇化“虹吸效应”大于“扩散效应”，城市的产业转型和环境规制会使污染向相邻城市转移，从而对相邻城市生态环境质量有一定的负面影响。 |
| 关 键 词： | 城镇化 生态环境质量 长三角 STIRPAT模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-12-01 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-03-11 |
Urbanization and Optimization of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration |
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| Huang Xinrong,Guan Weihua,Chen Mingxing,Hu Haoyu.Urbanization and Optimization of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2021,41(1):64-73. | |
| Authors: | Huang Xinrong Guan Weihua Chen Mingxing Hu Haoyu |
| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210043, Jiangsu, China 4. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China |
| Abstract: | The impact of urbanization on eco-environment has become an area of crucial concern in environmental conservation owing to the radical changes in habitat structure and pollution produced by urban and suburban development in China.This article reveals temporal and spatial change of urbanization and eco-environmental quality from 2003 to 2016 in the Yangtze River Delta,and analyzes how urbanization influences ecoenvironment.Based on the city level data mainly from China City Statistical Yearbook,the indexes of 19 items belonging to 6 categories including urban population,industrial wastewater discharge are extracted.Urbanization system and eco-environment quality system are constructed.The scores of urbanization and eco-environment quality are given based on entropy method.By comparing urbanization and eco-environment quality scores in 2003,2009 and 2016,the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of urbanization level and eco-environment quality in the Yangtze River Delta can be summarized.Through Linear Spatial Panel Model and Spatial Doberman Model,the direction,degree and path of urbanization affecting the eco-environment quality are discussed and identified in view of improved STIRPAT model.1)It is concluded that the urbanization and eco-environment quality in the Yangtze River Delta has both been improved,and the regional difference of urbanization is greater than that of eco-environment quality.A high-value clustering area of urbanization with Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou as the core is formed.The overall improvement of eco-environment quality in the Yangtze River Delta is obvious,while the regional difference of eco-environment quality is small.2)Urbanization improves the quality of eco-environment.Specifically,urbanization of a city in the Yangtze River Delta has different impacts on the eco-environment quality of local and adjacent cities.For the local,urbanization plays a positive role in influencing the physical environment and people’s mind by changes in population,economy,land use and society.Population urbanization characterized by population agglomeration and structural optimization has brought concentrated consumption and emission,enhancing the efficiency of resource use and pollution control.Economic urbanization characterized by industrial agglomeration and economic development,has promoted industrial centralization and provided financial support for the response.Land urbanization characterized by land expansion and traffic optimization,has made cities more efficient.Spatial expansion reduces the internal pressure of the city.Social urbanization characterized by social progress,has changed individual actions by enhancing environmental protection awareness.For the adjacent,there is a“Siphon Effect”in urbanization.Pollution will be transferred to the adjacent because of the industrial transformation and environmental regulation,which will negatively affect the eco-environment quality. |
| Keywords: | urbanization eco-environment quality the Yangtze River Delta STIRPAT model |
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