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| 多重贸易网络的空间演化特征及其影响因素——基于货物、服务和增加值贸易的比较 | |
| 引用本文： | 蒋小荣,杨永春,刘清,汪胜兰.多重贸易网络的空间演化特征及其影响因素——基于货物、服务和增加值贸易的比较[J].地理科学,2021,41(8):1419-1427. |
| 作者姓名： | 蒋小荣 杨永春 刘清 汪胜兰 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 湖北文理学院资源环境与旅游学院，湖北 襄阳 441053 2. 兰州大学资源环境学院，甘肃 兰州 730000 |
| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社科青年基金项目（20YJCZH057）、国家自然科学基金项目（41971198）、襄阳市科技计划项目（202719094）资助 |
| 摘 要： | 基于复杂网络分析与贸易增加值核算方法，借助ArcGIS、Ucinet和MATLAB等工具，对全球64个主要经济体货物、服务和增加值多重贸易网络的空间演化及其影响因素进行综合对比分析，结果表明：① 全球货物、服务和增加值贸易网络的紧密性和通达效率均呈现稳步提升趋势，服务贸易的网络化趋势更为显著；金融危机对网络的“互惠性”“异配性”产生较大影响；② 空间格局上均具有显著的“核心?边缘”等级性，区域层面上形成了亚太和欧盟地区两大“派系”，美、中、日、德为两大“派系”联系的枢纽节点；③ Top1网络表现出不同的演化特征，其中货物、服务和增加值贸易网络分别呈现“星型”“雪花型”和“星型+链式”空间组织结构。3类网络演化过程中中国的崛起态势令人瞩目；④ QAP（二次指派程序）分析显示，传统的GDP、地理距离、共同语言等因素对于3类网络的形成具有相似的较强解释力，要素禀赋差异和贸易制度是影响它们之间差异性的主要因素，但其显著性水平不高且趋于弱化。 |
| 关 键 词： | 多重网络 增加值贸易 复杂网络分析 网络派系 QAP（二次指派程序） |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-12 |
Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Trade Multidimensional Network:A Comparative Study Based on Trade in Goods,Services and Value-added |
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| Jiang Xiaorong,Yang Yongchun,Liu Qing,Wang Shenglan.Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Trade Multidimensional Network:A Comparative Study Based on Trade in Goods,Services and Value-added[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2021,41(8):1419-1427. | |
| Authors: | Jiang Xiaorong Yang Yongchun Liu Qing Wang Shenglan |
| Institution: | 1. College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, Hubei, China 2. College of Resource Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China |
| Abstract: | Under the mode of global value chain division of labor, the focus of global industrial structure has shifted from manufacturing industry to service industry, and service trade has become a new engine to promote world economic growth. The trade value-added accounting method can truly and effectively restore the trade gains and actual status of a country participating in the global value chain, which is a beneficial supplement to the study of trade network under the traditional gross value accounting system. Based on the complex network theory and trade added value accounting, This research focuses on the spatial evolution and its influencing factors of trade in goods, services and value-added of the world’s 64 economies, applying the related technique tools, such as ArcGIS, Ucinet, and MATLAB. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) The tightness and accessibility efficiency of the three kinds of networks are steadily increasing, and the networking trend of service trade is more significant. The global financial crisis has a great impact on network balance and network link, which is shown in the index of network reciprocity and compatibility. 2) There are significant ‘core-edge’ in spatial pattern. At the regional level, there are two ‘cliques’ in the Asia-Pacific region and the European Union region. The United States, China, Japan and Germany are the pivotal nodes of the connection between the two ‘cliques’. 3) Top1 network shows different evolutionary characteristics among goods, services and value-added trade networks, and we found these three types of organizational structure of networks are shown the shape as ‘star’, ‘snowflake’ and ‘star-chain’ respectively. The rise of China is remarkable in three types of networks. In contrast, the development of service trade lags far behind that of goods trade. 4) The QAP analysis shows that traditional factors have strong explanatory power for the formation of the three types of networks, such as GDP, geographical distance, common language. Meanwhile, Disparities of per capita GDP, Economic Integration Agreement lead to their differences, but their significance level is not high and tends to weaken. Finally, combined with the current international situation, this paper gives some policy suggestions on the development of China’s foreign trade under the background of new era of globalization. |
| Keywords: | multiple networks trade in value-added complex network analysis network factions QAP (secondary assignment procedure) |
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