| 基于城镇化发展趋势的中国交通网战略布局 |
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| 引用本文： | 顾朝林,曹根榕.基于城镇化发展趋势的中国交通网战略布局[J].地理科学,2019,39(6):865-873. |
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| 作者姓名： | 顾朝林 曹根榕 |
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| 作者单位： | 清华大学建筑学院,北京,100084;清华大学建筑学院,北京,100084 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家发展改革委员会国民经济综合司科研项目(41590844);国家自然科学基金重大项目(41590844);国家重点研发计划项目资助(2018YFD1100105) |
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| 摘 要： | 以世界城市化新趋势和日本高速交通网与京阪都市圈联结带建设为参照系,分析了中国城镇化和城镇体系变化新趋势,重点论述了在未来一段时间内中国面向集聚性发展的交通基础设施战略布局问题。世界城市化正表现为3个特征,它们是：全球城市和全球城市-区域发展,都市圈再繁荣,城市巨型化和巨型区出现。日本三大都市圈呈现两极分化发展,在围绕产业发展实施东京首都圈功能重组的同时,通过编制和实施新的国土发展计划,集中建设京阪都市圈联结带世界超级巨型区。2018年中国人口迈过峰值进入下降通道,然而国家城镇化进程还处在加速期,未来国家城镇体系将从现在的“三纵两横”发展为“四纵五横”发展轴。从整体上看,在未来一段时间内,尽管与之配套的基础设施需求进入平台阶段,但在国家战略地带和潜力增长区以及由于新技术发展还会让以大交通为主的基础设施建设异彩纷呈。在未来一段时间,首先国家战略地带交通网需要加密布局,例如发展长江经济带大通道、长江三角洲一体化高质量发展区扇形网、粤港澳大湾区陆上通道、环首都京津冀城市群交通网;其次需要超前规划布局无人驾驶高速公路,如上海-苏州无人驾驶高速公路、粤港澳大湾区内地无人驾驶高速公路和北京冬奥会无人驾驶高速公路;同时,重视补齐交通基础设施拉动潜力增长区发展,尤其应关注东北地区东、西高速通道、山东外向高速交通互联互通和东北-山东互联互通。此外,乌鲁木齐-喀什、银川-兰州-西宁、西宁-成都、重庆-贵阳-南宁-钦州、成都-拉萨、昆明-保山、银川-西安-武汉-南昌-福州-台北、合肥-南昌-赣州-广州等重要交通线规划布局也非常重要。
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| 关 键 词： | 城镇化 基础设施 全球城市区域 巨型区 交通网 无人驾驶高速公路 高速铁路 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-15 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-05-15 |
Strategic Layout of China's Future Transportation Network Based on Urbanization Trends |
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| Chaolin Gu,Genrong Cao.Strategic Layout of China's Future Transportation Network Based on Urbanization Trends[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2019,39(6):865-873. |
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| Authors: | Chaolin Gu Genrong Cao |
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| Institution: | School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the new trends of urbanization in the world and China as well as Japan's construction of the high-speed transportation network between Tokyo and Osaka metropolitan areas, this paper focuses on strategic layout issues and the development of the state transportation network in the future China. The paper recognized that the world urbanization is manifested in three characteristics: development of global cities and global city-regions,re-prosperity of metropolitan areas and urban giantization and new mega-regions. In Japan, three major metropolitan areas (Tokyo, Osaka and Kyoto) are undergoing polarization development. While implementing the functional restructuring of the Tokyo metropolitan area for industrial development, two new territorial development plans have been launched for the construction of the world’s largest super-mega-region. In China 2018, the total population has peaked and entered a downward channel. However, China’s urbanization process is still in an accelerated period. In the near future, the national urban system will develop from the current “three verticals development axes and two horizontals development axes” to the “four vertical development axes and five horizontal development axes”. On the whole, in the future, although the demand for infrastructure will be at a standstill stage, the infrastructure construction based on large traffic will be splendid in some national strategic zones and potential growth zones, as well as for meeting development of new technologies such as 5G, self-driving cars, et al. These regions maybe become new highlight areas such as the Yangtze (changjiang) River Economic Belt, the Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Bay area, the Yangtze River Delta Higher Quality Development Integration Zone, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration toward the Beijing World City Construction, Northeast China and Shandong Province. Based on new trends of urbanization, China's transportation network strategic should focus on following three aspects: 1) the state transportation networks should be encrypted in some national strategic zone; 2) Planning and construction of the driverless highway in advance; 3) Pay attention to the development of transportation infrastructure to stimulate the development of potential growth zones. For example, the eastern and western high-speed passages in the Northeast, the high-speed traffic interconnection between Shandong and Jiangsu, Henan and Hebei, and Northeast China. In addition, some other high-speed traffic lines have also become more and more important for the development of the Central China and the western China, for example, the line between Urumqi and Kashgar, Yinchuan-Lanzhou-Xining, Xining-Chengdu, Chongqing-Guiyang-Nanning-Qinzhou, Chengdu-Lhasa, Kunming-Baoshan, Yinchuan-Xi'an-Wuhan-Nanchang-Fuzhou-Taipei, Hefei-Nanchang-Zhangzhou, etc.. |
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| Keywords: | urbanization infrastructure global city-region mega-region transportation networks unmanned highways high-speed railways |
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