| 基于多尺度的中国环境污染事件时空分布及其影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵雪雁,王蓉,王晓琪,刘江华.基于多尺度的中国环境污染事件时空分布及其影响因素[J].地理科学,2019,39(9):1361-1370. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵雪雁 王蓉 王晓琪 刘江华 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州,730070;西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州,730070;西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州,730070;西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州,730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA19040502);国家自然科学基金项目(41661115);国家自然科学基金项目(41971268);中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室开放基金项目(KLEIRB-2S-16-03) |
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| 摘 要： | 环境污染事件已成为人类社会发展面临的严峻挑战,严重制约着人类社会的可持续发展,当前急需厘清环境污染事件的时空特征及影响因素,为制定有效的环保政策提供借鉴。利用Theil指数、变异系数、ESDA等方法,分析了2006~2016年中国环境污染事件的时空分布特征,并借助地理探测器识别了不同尺度环境污染事件的影响因素。结果表明：① 2006~2016年省级尺度环境污染事件发生总频次与不同等级环境污染事件发生频次均呈波动下降趋势,其发生频次和区域差异呈“东-中-西”洼地型格局;② 地级市尺度环境污染事件发生频次随城市规模减小有所降低,随经济发展水平降低呈倒U型,同时,环保重点城市污染事件发生频次高于普通城市的特征;而环境污染事件的差异性表现为随城市规模减小有所降低,随经济发展水平降低而递减,及环保重点城市高于普通城市的特征。③ “胡焕庸线”以东地区环境污染事件多发且类型多样,以西地区污染事件少发且类型单一,不同等级环境污染事件的空间分布差异较大;④ 环境污染事件的影响因素存在差异,且随尺度增大,影响因素与环境污染事件的关联性趋于增强。其中,经济发展和环境监管水平对不同尺度环境污染事件均有显著影响,环境监管水平与其他因素的交互作用对不同尺度环境污染事件的解释力较高。
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| 关 键 词： | 环境污染事件 区域差异 地理探测器 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-01-15 |
Spatio-temporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of Environmental Pollution Incidents Based on Multi-scales in China |
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| Zhao Xueyan,Wang Rong,Wang Xiaoqi,Liu Jianghua.Spatio-temporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of Environmental Pollution Incidents Based on Multi-scales in China[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2019,39(9):1361-1370. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Xueyan Wang Rong Wang Xiaoqi Liu Jianghua |
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| Institution: | College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China |
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| Abstract: | Environmental pollution incidents have become a major challenge for human social development, seriously restrict the sustainable development. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to clarify the temporal and spatial characteristics of pollution incidents and its influencing factors, in order to provide references for the formulation of effective environmental protection policies. In this paper, used the Theil index, coefficient of variation, ESDA and other methods to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of pollution incidents from 2006 to 2016 in China, and the GeoDetector to identify the influencing factors at different scales. The results showed that: 1) At the provincial scales, the occurrence frequencies of environmental pollution incidents and the occurrence of environmental pollution incidents at different levels both showed fluctuating downward trends, and their frequency and regional differences all showed 'East-Central-West' low-lying land patterns. 2)At the prefecture-level cities scale, the frequency of environmental pollution incidents is reduced as the decreases of city scale, and the U-shaped change occurs with the decrease of economic development level, the frequency of pollution incidents in key environmental protection cities is higher than ordinary cities, difference of environmental pollution incidents is reduced as the decreases of city scale and economic development level, and the environmental protection key cities are higher than ordinary cities. 3) The environmental pollution incidents in east of the 'Hu Line' are frequent and diverse, and the western pollution incidents are rare and single, and the spatial distribution of different levels of environmental pollution incidents were quite different. 4) There existed differences in impacting factors at different scales, and as the scale increased, the correlation between impacting factors and environmental pollution incidents also increased. Among them, the level of economic development and the level of environmental supervision all had vital impacts on environmental pollution incidents. The interaction between environmental supervision and other factors had the significant impacts to the environmental pollution incidents. |
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| Keywords: | environmental pollution incidents regional differences GeoDector China |
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