| 二战期间美国地缘战略空间观念变迁 ——基于地图投影的视角 |
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| 引用本文： | 何光强.二战期间美国地缘战略空间观念变迁 ——基于地图投影的视角[J].地理科学,2019,39(5):714-725. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何光强 |
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| 作者单位： | 华侨大学海上丝绸之路研究院,福建厦门,361021 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金资助(18CGJ008) |
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| 摘 要： | 在地图投影变换影响下,得益于多样化的地图服务,二战期间美国地缘战略空间观念经历了从孤立主义向干涉主义的转变,推动了美国的参战与具体战略展开。这一空间逻辑在战时地图投影的选择上表现为从圆柱投影下的二维“矩形世界”向等距方位投影下的“圆形世界”和正射投影下的三维“球体世界”“鸟瞰世界”转变,折射出空中时代下的全球一体观。通过不同投影下“地图空间”的调整,二战期间美国地缘战略空间观念逐渐接近现实地球空间,这无疑增强了美国参战的合理性和战略决策的正确性。作为认知话语和实践话语的统一,地图投影通过地图服务反映并参与到了二战的地缘政治发展进程。伴随着美国地缘战略空间观念的变迁,美国也由此从世界舞台的边缘走向国际体系的中心。在当前中国和平崛起和全球地缘调整的大背景下,地图投影创新也为今后的地缘关系研究提供了诸多启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 地图投影 二战 地图服务 地缘战略 空间观念 地缘关系 美国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-23 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-01-20 |
The Transition of U.S. Geostrategic Space Concept During WWII: From the Perspective of Map Projection |
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| He Guangqiang.The Transition of U.S. Geostrategic Space Concept During WWII: From the Perspective of Map Projection[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2019,39(5):714-725. |
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| Authors: | He Guangqiang |
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| Institution: | Maritime Silk Road Institute, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China |
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| Abstract: | Under the influence of transform in map projections, befitting from diversified map services, U.S. geostrategic space concept had experienced a transition from isolationism to interventionism during WWII, promoting U.S. to join WWII and spread specific strategy. On the choice of wartime map projections, this space logic showed a transition from two-dimensional ‘rectangular world’ in cylindrical projection to ‘round world’ in azimuthal equidistant projection and three-dimensional ‘sphere world’ as well as ‘aerial view world’, refracting the global integration space concept in the air age. Through adjusting ‘map space’ under different map projections, U.S. geostrategic space concept during WWII had approach real earth space gradually, which enhanced the rationality to join WWII and correctness of strategic decision of U.S. undoubtedly. As an unity of cognitive discourse and practical discourse, map projections had reflected and been involved in the geopolitical development course of WWII. With the transition of U.S. geostrategic space concept, thereby U.S. had gone from the periphery of world stage to the center of international system. Under the strategic background of the peaceful rise of China and geopolitical adjustment of the globe at present, the innovation of map projections provides a lot of enlightenment for the research of geo-relations in future too. |
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| Keywords: | map projection the Second World War(WWⅡ) map service geostrategic space concept geo-relations the United States |
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