| 宁夏引黄灌区蒸散发量的计算模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙素艳,张金萍,赵勇.宁夏引黄灌区蒸散发量的计算模拟[J].干旱区地理,2007,30(5):714-720. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙素艳 张金萍 赵勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京,100044 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏经济生态系统水资源合理配置研究，科技部西部开发重大项目(2004BA901A17) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解宁夏引用耗排黄河水量的问题,针对水域、裸地-植被域和不透水域等不同土地利用类型,采用了Penman公式、Noilhan-Planton模型和Penman-Monteith公式等对相应土地利用类型的蒸散发量进行计算模拟,从而确定了区域蒸散发量的计算模拟方法。依据计算模拟结果和试验观测数据对区域蒸散发量的计算模拟方法进行了验证。基于以上研究,以宁夏引黄灌区为例,对宁夏引黄灌区2000年的蒸散发量和1991-2000年间蒸散发量的变化趋势进行了计算模拟,并就降雨量对区域蒸散发量的影响关系进行了分析。模拟结果表明,2000年宁夏引黄灌区(不计黄河干流河道本身的蒸发)的总蒸散发量为4.59×109m3,计入黄河干流河道本身的蒸发则总蒸散发量为4.97×109m3;1991-2000年10年间区域总蒸散发量和区域农田蒸散发量呈增加趋势,天然林草灌木地和荒地蒸散发量呈下降趋势;区域总蒸散发量、农田蒸散发量、林草灌木地蒸散发量等与降雨量有着较好的相关关系,并随着降雨量的增加呈递增趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 蒸散发量 宁夏 引黄灌区 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-6060(2007)05-0714-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-09-16 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-03-25 |
Calculation and simulation of evaporation in Ningxia Plain area |
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| SUN Su-yan,ZHANG Jin-ping,ZHAO Yong.Calculation and simulation of evaporation in Ningxia Plain area[J].Arid Land Geography,2007,30(5):714-720. |
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| Authors: | SUN Su-yan ZHANG Jin-ping ZHAO Yong |
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| Abstract: | Aiming at the problems of water diversion,consumption and drainage of Ningxia,the Noihan-Planton model,Penman and Penman-Monteith functions are applied to calculate and simulate evaporation of different land use types,such as water area,cropland,impermeable area,and so on.The calculation and simulation method of evaporation are also verified by comparing simulation results with experimental data.In this paper,the plain area of Ningxia is taken as an example to simulate its evaporation in year 2000 and the trends from year 1991 to year 2000,and to analysis the relation of precipitation and evaporation.The result shows that the total evaporation of Ningxia plain area without the Yellow River consumption is 45.88 billion cubic meters;however the total evaporation with the Yellow River consumption is 49.71 billion cubic meters.The trend of total evaporation and cropland evaporation is gradually increasing from year 1991 to year 2000,however the natural forest and grass evaporation and the wasteland evaporation is gradually reducing.Meanwhile it is a better correlativity of the precipitation and the total evaporation,cropland evaporation,forest and grass evaporation,and so on.The evaporation is increasing owing to the increasing precipitation.Though the calculation and simulation of evaporation in Ningxia Plain area,vital evidence was provided for construction of wave-saving society and most effective utilization of water resource. |
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| Keywords: | evaporation Ningxia irrigation district of the Yellow River |
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