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| 基于玛纳斯河流域生态问题的生态安全评价 | |
| 引用本文： | 张青青,徐海量,樊自立,王月健,凌洪波.基于玛纳斯河流域生态问题的生态安全评价[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(3):479-486. |
| 作者姓名： | 张青青 徐海量 樊自立 王月健 凌洪波 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011;中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐,830011 3. 石河子大学地理系,新疆石河子,832003 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，新疆社会科学基金 |
| 摘 要： | 玛纳斯河流域山地-绿洲-荒漠三大生态系统表现出区域生态、经济要素的空间状况有所分异，经过几十年大规模的水土资源开发，流域不同的生态经济功能分区在环境演变和经济发展过程中所存在的生态安全问题的表现形式也各不相同。根据流域土地利用和水资源数据库，并参考各地自然、经济、社会统计资料，在生态经济功能分区的基础上，针对流域不同分区存在的生态经济安全问题选取相应的生态安全评价指标，结合实地调研和专家赋值法确定不同指标的权重，并计算综合生态安全评价指数，对流域各个生态经济功能亚区进行生态安全评价。评估结果表明：（1）玛纳斯河流域分为3个一级区和9个二级分区，根据不同分区存在的生态安全问题选取了13个生态环境指标和4个社会经济指标；（2）Ⅱ4、Ⅲ1和Ⅲ2亚区的生态不安全指数呈上升趋势，Ⅲ3亚区逐渐下降，Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2和Ⅱ3亚区存在波动，而对于绿洲区的四个亚区而言，Ⅱ2亚区生态不安全指数最高，存在的生态安全问题最多，而Ⅱ3亚区虽地处沙漠边缘，生态不安全指数相对最低，因此生态不安全指数高的区域需要高度重视，不高的区域由于生态问题会带来诸多不利影响，也需要重视。 |
| 关 键 词： | 玛纳斯河流域 绿洲 生态经济功能区划 生态安全评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-10-18; |
Eco-security assessment based on ecological problems of Manas River basin |
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| ZHANG Qing-qing , XU Hai-liang , FAN Zi-li , WANG Yue-jian , LING Hong-bo.Eco-security assessment based on ecological problems of Manas River basin[J].Arid Land Geography,2012,35(3):479-486. | |
| Authors: | ZHANG Qing-qing XU Hai-liang FAN Zi-li WANG Yue-jian LING Hong-bo |
| Institution: | 1(1 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academic of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China; 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy Sciences,Beijing 100039,China; 3 Department of Geography,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China) |
| Abstract: | Manas River basin is one of the most representative mountain-oasis-desert ecological systems in arid region of China.There are some differences between the spatial status of regional ecology and economy of the three ecological systems.Through large-scale water and soil resources exploitation for several decades,there are different expressive formats of eco-economic security problems in different eco-economic functional regions during the environmental evolvement and economic development.According to the land-use and water resource data base,referring to natural,economic and social statistical data and aiming at eco-economic security problems of different subdivided regions,this paper selected corresponding indexes of eco-risk assessment based on subdivided eco-economic functional region.And combining field investigation and expert evaluation,the weight of different indexes were confirmed and the eco-security assessment indexes were calculated.Analyzing the assessment results,it could be drawn as follows:(1) Manas river basin can be divided into three regions and 9 sub-divided regions.According to ecological security problems of different eco-economic functional regions,13 ecological-environmental and 4 socio-economic indexes were selected.(2) the eco-insecurity indexes of sub-divided region Ⅱ4,Ⅲ1 and Ⅲ2 increased and Ⅲ3 decreased gradually,and that of Ⅰ1,Ⅰ2,Ⅱ1,Ⅱ2 and Ⅱ3 fluctuated.Due to the four sub-divided regions of oasis,the eco-insecurity indexes of Ⅱ2 was the maximum and there were many eco-security problems.While,the sub-divided region Ⅱ3,which was in the edge of desert,had the minimum eco-insecurity index.So,not only the region with a high eco-insecurity index needed recognition,but also the region with many disadvantage effects because of ecological problems needed recognition. |
| Keywords: | Manas River basin oasis subdivided eco-economic functional region eco-security assessment |
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