| 利用树木年轮重建嫩江上游近200 a来1~3月径流量 |
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| 引用本文： | 王晓春,吕姗娜.利用树木年轮重建嫩江上游近200 a来1~3月径流量[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(4):537-544. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王晓春 吕姗娜 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北林业大学生态研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨,150040 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助，中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金 |
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| 摘 要： | 嫩江是东北地区最重要的河流之一，了解嫩江长期水文变化规律，对嫩江流域林业、农牧业生产具有重要意义。通过对嫩江上游4个地点兴安落叶松（Larix gmelinii）树轮年表与气候水文数据分析，发现4个地点的平均年表与1~3月平均径流量有着极显著关系。因此，基于树轮宽度重建了嫩江上游1804年以来1~3月平均径流量，重建方程解释了43.9%的径流变异，经检验证明重建结果可靠。重建嫩江径流变化表明：1804年以来，嫩江流域上游1~3月份径流经历了6个偏枯和7个偏丰阶段。同时，嫩江上游径流量存在60、4.3~4.0、3.4~3.2、3.1~2.9和2.3 a的变化周期。在19世纪初至20世纪初嫩江1~3月流量的变化幅度较小，而20世纪中后期变化幅度较大。另外，重建结果与黑龙江省历史记载的旱涝时期比较吻合。
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| 关 键 词： | 嫩江上游 树轮 兴安落叶松 1～3月径流量 多带谱分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-12-08; |
Tree-ring reconstructions of January-March streamflow in the upper Nenjiang River since 1804, China |
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| WANG Xiao-chun
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LV Shan-na.Tree-ring reconstructions of January-March streamflow in the upper Nenjiang River since 1804, China[J].Arid Land Geography,2012,35(4):537-544. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xiao-chun LV Shan-na |
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| Institution: | (Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China) |
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| Abstract: | Nenjiang River is one of the most important rivers in northeast China.It has critical significance for forestry management and agriculture and livestock production to understand the long-term hydrological regime in this region.A total of 115 tree-ring cores of Larix gmelinii were collected at four sites(A’li River,Gan River,Keyi River and Nuomin River) in the upper Nenjiang River,the northern Daxing’an Mountains,China.All cores were visually cross-dated under the binocular microscope.Tree-ring widths were measured to the nearest 0.001 mm with a Velmex measurement system.The cross-dated tree-ring sequences were quality checked by COFECHA program.ARSTAN program was used to de-trend the ring-width sequences with a negative exponential curve or a straight line with negative slope(or a horizontal line) and four chronologies were developed.Response analysis between four tree-ring chronologies and monthly climatic factors(mean temperature and total precipitation) were conducted.The results show that tree-ring chronologies in the four sites are negatively correlated with temperature in all months of a whole year,while which are positively correlated with precipitation in growing season and negatively correlated with precipitation in non-growing season.These results indicate that water availability is the major limiting factor of tree growth in this region.Therefore,an average tree-ring chronology for four sites was developed to reconstruct the history of streamflow variation for the Nenjiang River.Simple correlations between the average tree-ring chronology and monthly streamflow data show that the average chronology of four sites is significantly correlated with mean January-March streamflow.Therefore,mean January-March streamflow in the upper Nenjiang River since 1804 was reconstructed.In addition,the reconstructed drought and flood periods are relatively identical with the historical records of hydrological variation in Heilongjiang province.The major periods of reconstructed dry conditions include AD 1808-1809,1821-1822,1827-1833,1852-1875,1906-1919,1932-1954 and 1987-2004,while the significant wetter periods are AD 1810-1820,1823-1826,1834-1851,1876-1905,1920-1931 and 1955-1986.The fluctuation amplitude of the reconstructed streamflow is relatively small from the beginning of nineteenth century to the beginning of twentieth century,while which was larger in the middle and late twentieth century.Multi-Taper Methods spectral analysis of reconstructed streamflow series indicate that the upper streamflow variations of the Nenjiang River exhibited 60,4.3-4.0,3.4-3.2,3.1-2.9 and 2.3 years dominant periodicities.The factors that affect the cyclical changes of January-March streamflow in this area need to be further studied. |
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| Keywords: | the upstream of Nenjiang River tree rings Larix gmelinii mean January-March streamflow Multi-Taper methods |
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