| 干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙灏,马立茹,蔡创创,黄涛,吕林涛,阮琳,陈伟.干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例[J].干旱区地理,2020,43(3):694-705. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙灏 马立茹 蔡创创 黄涛 吕林涛 阮琳 陈伟 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划一般项目（2018BEG03069）；国家自然科学基金项目（41871338）；中国矿业大学（北京）“越崎青年学者”（2018）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（00/800015IE）；全国空间规划试点区资源环境综合地质调查（DD20190506）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 宁夏沿黄城市带位于宁夏东北部，不仅是干旱地区地理研究的重点区域，也是宁夏经济发展的核心区域。基于2000—2018年的MODIS地表温度、土地覆盖类型以及植被覆盖率数据，通过计算热岛比例指数 (URI)，利用Mann-Kendall非参数检验及Sen’s斜率估计法，对宁夏沿黄城市带近20 a白天和夜间的地表温度（LST）和热岛效应时间变化进行分析。结果表明：（1） 近20 a来，宁夏沿黄城市带大部分地区WTBX]LST变化不显著，但在植被覆盖率增加区域，白天LST显著减小而夜间LST显著上升；植被覆盖率减小区域与之相反；夜间LSTWTBZ]变化幅度强于白天。（2） 宁夏沿黄城市带的热岛效应通常在白天较弱、在夜间较强；白天和夜间时刻的城市热岛效应在一年内呈现不同的季节变化特点,白天春冬较强，夜间夏季较强；过去近20 a，宁夏沿黄城市带白天热岛效应呈现稍微减弱趋势，夜间热岛效应呈现稍微增强趋势，但变化趋势均不显著。（3） 从植被覆盖率和地物类型两个影响因素的研究表明，植被覆盖率是影响地表温度变化的重要因素，城建区与郊区主要地物温差的改变是城市热岛强度变化的重要原因。从长时间序列变化的角度详细分析干旱区城市热岛的特征和变化原因，可为干旱区城市热岛带来的环境问题治理提供参考，也为研究干旱区热岛提供了借鉴。
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| 收稿时间： | 2019-11-22 |
Evolution of surface temperature and heat island
effect in arid areas: A case of city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia |
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| SUN Hao,MA Li-ru,CAI Chuang-chuang,HUANG Tao,LV Lin-tao,RUAN Lin,CHEN Wei.Evolution of surface temperature and heat island
effect in arid areas: A case of city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia[J].Arid Land Geography,2020,43(3):694-705. |
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| Authors: | SUN Hao MA Li-ru CAI Chuang-chuang HUANG Tao LV Lin-tao RUAN Lin CHEN Wei |
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| Abstract: | The city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia is
located at the northeast of Ningxia Province,China.It is both a key area for
geographical research in arid areas and the core of economic development in
Ningxia.As an important climatic phenomenon related to the process of
urbanization,the heat island effect has brought much inconvenience to human
life,for which reason it has become a major topic in current urbanization
research.Most previous studies have been conducted on wet climate regions,and
there are relatively few studies on arid and semi-arid regions.Moreover,the
time series used in previous studies has typically been short and their
resolution low,hence the analysis of urban-heat-island trends and the reasons
for their occurrence are not yet comprehensively understood.Based on MODIS
surface temperature products,this paper uses the Mann-Kendall non-parametric
test and Sen’s slope estimation method to analyze the time trend of
surface temperature during the past 20 years along city belt of the Yellow
River.Combining MODIS surface temperature data with MODIS land cover type
products,and introducing the urban-heat-island ratio index,daily and seasonal
changes in the urban-heat-island effect along the city belt and their time
series trends over the past 20 years were analyzed.The results show that the
surface temperatures of most areas along the city belt in Ningxia have shown an
upward trend,which is stronger during nighttime than daytime.An increase of
surface coverage is an important reason for this trend.Compared with humid
climates,the heat island effect along the city belt shows different daily and
seasonal trends.At nighttime,the heat island effect is stronger than during the
daytime and in over course of one year,the heat island effect is stronger in
winter and spring at daytime but stronger in summer at nighttime.The heat island
effect in the study areas shows a decreasing trend,whereas the nighttime heat
island effect show an increasing trend,but the trend was not found to be
significant.Finally,land and vegetation cover types were analyzed.To some
extent,our results indicate that urbanization and surface coverage are equally
important contributions to heat islands along the study area.Surface coverage
increases during the daytime can weaken surface temperatures increases,while
promoting such increases at night.Increased surface coverage can thus alleviate
increases in surface temperature during the daytime.Urbanization does not
necessarily promote the heat island effect during daytime,but sometimes
mitigates its effect on low vegetation coverage areas,such as bare land.Nonetheless,the
impact of urbanization on the heat island effect is more obvious at night.This
study provides a direction for the management of arid areas and a reference for
studies of temporal and spatial changes in surface temperature due to the heat
island effect in other arid regions.It also gives guidance for studies
concerning the influence of such phenomena in other arid regions． |
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